Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Optometry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe.
Afr Health Sci. 2020 Mar;20(1):515-523. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.58.
Microbial contamination of orthodox ophthalmic preparations poses a serious threat to the user by causing ocular infections. There is no such information about unorthodox ophthalmic preparations in a medical pluralistic system such as Ghana. The aim of this study was to assess unorthodox ophthalmic medications on the Ghanaian market for possible microbial contaminations.
Unorthodox ophthalmic preparations were collected across different herbal and homeopathic outlets in Ghana. A total of 27 samples were collected from the ten (10) regions in Ghana. The samples were inoculated in different culture media (Plate count Agar, Blood Agar, MacConkey Agar, Saboraud Dextrose Agar). The microorganisms isolated were identified using standard microbiological procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility was done to determine whether they were resistant or susceptible strains.
All the samples were contaminated with bacteria and the majority were contaminated with fungus. A total of forty-eight bacteria was isolated thus seven different types namely: , Bacilli spp., , , , spp. and with being the predominant bacteria. For fungi, a total of eleven fungi species thus four different types namely: , , and with the predominant fungi being Per the class of preparations, 15 contaminants were isolated from ten (10) anti-inflammatory preparations. The fungi were all susceptible to both Ketoconazole and Fluconazole but the bacteria were resistant to all the conventional antibiotics except Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin.
Unorthodox ophthalmic preparations found on the Ghanaian market are contaminated with bacteria and fungi of clinical importance.
正统眼科制剂的微生物污染对使用者构成严重威胁，可导致眼部感染。在加纳这样的医学多元化体系中，没有关于非正统眼科制剂的信息。本研究旨在评估加纳市场上的非正统眼科药物是否存在可能的微生物污染。
在加纳的不同草药和顺势疗法商店收集了非正统的眼科制剂。从加纳的十个地区共采集了 27 个样本。将样品接种于不同的培养基（平板计数琼脂、血琼脂、麦康凯琼脂、沙氏葡萄糖琼脂）中。使用标准微生物学程序对分离出的微生物进行鉴定，并进行抗菌药物敏感性试验，以确定它们是耐药株还是敏感株。
所有样品均受到细菌污染，多数受到真菌污染。共分离出四十八株细菌，分别为：、、、、、和，其中为主要细菌。对于真菌，共分离出十一种真菌，分别为：、、、和，其中为主要真菌。根据制剂类别，从十份（10 份）抗炎制剂中分离出十五种污染物。真菌对酮康唑和氟康唑均敏感，但细菌除对环丙沙星和庆大霉素敏感外，对所有常规抗生素均耐药。
在加纳市场上发现的非正统眼科制剂受到具有临床意义的细菌和真菌的污染。
