Ekapopphan Daneeya, Srisutthakarn Athicha, Moonarmart Walasinee, Buddhirongawatr Ruangrat, Bangphoomi Norasuthi
Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonton 4, Salaya, Phuttamonton, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonton 4, Salaya, Phuttamonton, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
J Vet Med Sci. 2018 Aug 22;80(8):1259-1265. doi: 10.1292/jvms.18-0045. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
This study aims to determine the microbiological profile and risk factors associated with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in canine severe corneal ulcers. Thirty-two corneal and conjunctival swabs were collected from dogs with diagnosed severe corneal ulcers that presented to Prasu-Arthorn veterinary teaching hospital in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand from June 2015 to June 2016. Microorganisms were identified by means of genotypic and phenotypic approaches. Of 32 ulcers sampled, 26 (81.3%) yielded culturable microorganisms with 24 bacterial isolates and 7 fungal isolates. The most commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. (45.8%, 11/24) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.8%, 5/24). Out of 11 staphylococcal isolates identified, 10 carried the mecA gene providing methicillin resistance. The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) encoding genes bla and bla were found in an Acinetobacter lwoffii isolate, and bla was found in a P. aeruginosa isolate. Based on the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoint criteria, minimum inhibitory concentrations values showed that all bacteria, except for staphylococci, were susceptible to current ophthalmic antibiotics. More than 50% of staphylococci were resistant to all generations of fluoroquinolones and fusidic acid. Chloramphenicol was highly active against staphylococci (81.3% susceptible). The width (P=0.02) and the depth (P=0.04) of ulcers predicted greater risk of yielding resistant bacteria. The identification of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria prompts practitioners to be prudent when choosing ophthalmic antibiotics for severe corneal ulcers.
本研究旨在确定犬严重角膜溃疡中与耐抗菌药物细菌相关的微生物学特征及危险因素。2015年6月至2016年6月期间，从泰国佛统府普拉苏 - 阿通兽医教学医院就诊的确诊为严重角膜溃疡的犬只中采集了32份角膜和结膜拭子。通过基因分型和表型方法鉴定微生物。在32个采样的溃疡中，26个（81.3%）培养出可培养微生物，其中有24株细菌分离株和7株真菌分离株。最常分离出的细菌是葡萄球菌属（45.8%，11/24）和铜绿假单胞菌（20.8%，5/24）。在鉴定出的11株葡萄球菌分离株中，10株携带mecA基因，具有耐甲氧西林特性。在一株洛菲不动杆菌分离株中发现了编码超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的bla和bla基因，在一株铜绿假单胞菌分离株中发现了bla基因。根据临床实验室标准协会（CLSI）和欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会（EUCAST）的断点标准，最低抑菌浓度值显示，除葡萄球菌外，所有细菌对目前的眼科抗生素均敏感。超过50%的葡萄球菌对所有代氟喹诺酮类药物和夫西地酸耐药。氯霉素对葡萄球菌具有高度活性（81.3%敏感）。溃疡的宽度（P = 0.02）和深度（P = 0.04）预示着产生耐药细菌的风险更大。耐抗菌药物细菌的鉴定促使从业者在为严重角膜溃疡选择眼科抗生素时要谨慎。
