Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
J Mol Neurosci. 2021 Oct;71(10):2060-2070. doi: 10.1007/s12031-020-01766-7. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
The association of apolipoprotein AIV (APOA4) with depression or plasma levels of lipids and glucose has been inconsistently reported. However, interplays between APOA4 and depression on the levels have not been explored yet. The present study aimed to investigate plasma levels of APOA4, lipids, and glucose in adolescents with different genotypes of APOA4 rs5104 and with or without depression. Depressive symptoms were assessed in 631 adolescents by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A total score of 14 was defined as the cutoff point for depression. Plasma levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose, and insulin were measured by routine methods, and APOA4 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses and verified by DNA sequencing. Female adolescents had higher prevalence of depression than male subjects only in G allele carriers (p = 0.015), but not in AA homozygotes. Risk factors of depression and predictors of depression severity were different between G allele carriers and AA homozygotes. Lower levels of glucose (p = 0.003) were observed in male G allele carriers than those in male AA homozygotes and increased TG levels (p = 0.008) in female G allele carriers when compared with those in female AA homozygotes. When both APOA4 rs5104 and depression were taken into account, subjects with depression had higher levels of plasma APOA4 than adolescents without depression only in female G allele carriers (p = 0.043), but no significant changes of plasma lipids and glucose. Depression augments plasma APOA4 levels without changes of plasma lipids and glucose in female adolescents carrying G allele of APOA4 rs5104. These results may provide a novel explanation for the inconsistent relationship between depression, APOA4, and plasma levels of lipids and glucose in the literature.
载脂蛋白 AIV (APOA4) 与抑郁或血脂和血糖水平的关联在文献中报道结果并不一致。然而，APOA4 与抑郁之间的相互作用尚未得到研究。本研究旨在探讨不同 APOA4 rs5104 基因型的青少年中，抑郁与非抑郁患者之间 APOA4 、血脂和血糖水平的差异。采用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）评估 631 名青少年的抑郁症状。14 分被定义为抑郁的截断点。采用常规方法测量甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、葡萄糖和胰岛素的水平，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测 APOA4 的水平。通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析（PCR-RFLP）进行基因分型，并通过 DNA 测序进行验证。仅在 G 等位基因携带者中，女性青少年的抑郁患病率高于男性（p=0.015），而在 AA 纯合子中则没有差异。抑郁的危险因素和严重程度的预测因子在 G 等位基因携带者和 AA 纯合子中不同。与男性 AA 纯合子相比，男性 G 等位基因携带者的血糖水平较低（p=0.003），而女性 G 等位基因携带者的 TG 水平升高（p=0.008）。当同时考虑 APOA4 rs5104 和抑郁时，只有在女性 G 等位基因携带者中，患有抑郁的青少年的血浆 APOA4 水平高于无抑郁的青少年（p=0.043），而血浆脂质和血糖水平没有显著变化。在携带 APOA4 rs5104 G 等位基因的女性青少年中，抑郁会增加血浆 APOA4 水平，而不会改变血浆脂质和血糖水平。这些结果可能为文献中抑郁、APOA4 与血脂和血糖水平之间不一致的关系提供了新的解释。
