Halabi Sam F
Sam F. Halabi, J.D., M.Phil., is the Manley O. Hudson Professor of Law at University of Missouri-Columbia School of Law and a Scholar at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University. He is the Co-Chair of the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications Working Group of the Global Virome Project and a member of the Executive Board of USAID's One Health Workforce-Next Generation project. He received a B.A. and a B.S. from Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kansas, an M.Phil. from University of Oxford in Oxford, United Kingdom, and a J.D. from Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
J Law Med Ethics. 2020 Dec;48(4):694-704. doi: 10.1177/1073110520979375.
Anthropogenic climate change is causing temperature rise in temperate zones resulting in climate conditions more similar to subtropical zones. As a result, rising temperatures increase the range of disease-carrying insects to new areas outside of subtropical zones, and increased precipitation causes flooding that is more hospitable for vector breeding. State governments, the federal government, and governmental agencies, like the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of USDA and the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS) of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, lack a coordinated plan for vector-borne disease accompanying climate change. APHIS focuses its surveillance primarily on the effect of illness on agricultural production, while NNDSS focuses on the emergence of pathogens affecting human health. This article provides an analysis of the current framework of surveillance of, and response to, vector-borne infectious diseases, the impacts of climate change on the spread of vector-borne infectious diseases, and recommends changes to federal law to address these threats.
人为气候变化正在导致温带地区气温上升，从而产生与亚热带地区更为相似的气候条件。结果，气温上升使携带疾病的昆虫的活动范围扩大到亚热带地区以外的新区域，而降水量增加导致洪水泛滥，这更有利于病媒繁殖。州政府、联邦政府以及诸如美国农业部动植物卫生检验局（APHIS）和美国疾病控制与预防中心的国家法定疾病监测系统（NNDSS）等政府机构，缺乏应对气候变化引发的病媒传播疾病的协调计划。APHIS的监测主要集中在疾病对农业生产的影响上，而NNDSS则专注于影响人类健康的病原体的出现。本文分析了病媒传播传染病的当前监测框架及应对措施、气候变化对病媒传播传染病传播的影响，并建议修改联邦法律以应对这些威胁。
