Walter G. Johnson, J.D. M.S.T.P., is a research fellow at the Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Arizona State University. He received a J.D. from the Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law in 2020 and a Master of Science and Technology Policy (M.S.T.P.) from Arizona State University in 2017.
J Law Med Ethics. 2020 Dec;48(4):681-693. doi: 10.1177/1073110520979374.
Amid public health concerns over climate change, "precision public health" (PPH) is emerging in next generation approaches to practice. These novel methods promise to augment public health operations by using ever larger and more robust health datasets combined with new tools for collecting and analyzing data. Precision strategies to protecting the public health could more effectively or efficiently address the systemic threats of climate change, but may also propagate or exacerbate health disparities for the populations most vulnerable in a changing climate. How PPH interventions collect and aggregate data, decide what to measure, and analyze data pose potential issues around privacy, neglecting social determinants of health, and introducing algorithmic bias into climate responses. Adopting a health justice framework, guided by broader social and climate justice tenets, can reveal principles and policy actions which may guide more responsible implementation of PPH in climate responses.
在公众对气候变化的健康问题的关注中，“精准公共卫生”（PPH）在下一代实践方法中崭露头角。这些新方法有望通过使用更大、更强大的健康数据集以及新的数据收集和分析工具来增强公共卫生行动。保护公众健康的精准策略可以更有效地或更有效地应对气候变化的系统性威胁，但也可能在不断变化的气候中传播或加剧对最脆弱人群的健康差距。PPH 干预措施如何收集和汇总数据、决定要衡量什么以及分析数据，这可能会涉及隐私问题、忽视健康的社会决定因素以及在气候应对中引入算法偏差等潜在问题。采用健康正义框架，以更广泛的社会和气候正义原则为指导，可以揭示原则和政策行动，这些原则和政策行动可能指导在气候应对中更负责任地实施 PPH。
