Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Nat Med. 2024 Jul;30(7):1865-1873. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03098-0. Epub 2024 Jul 11.
Precision public health (PPH) considers the interplay between genetics, lifestyle and the environment to improve disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment on a population level-thereby delivering the right interventions to the right populations at the right time. In this Review, we explore the concept of PPH as the next generation of public health. We discuss the historical context of using individual-level data in public health interventions and examine recent advancements in how data from human and pathogen genomics and social, behavioral and environmental research, as well as artificial intelligence, have transformed public health. Real-world examples of PPH are discussed, emphasizing how these approaches are becoming a mainstay in public health, as well as outstanding challenges in their development, implementation and sustainability. Data sciences, ethical, legal and social implications research, capacity building, equity research and implementation science will have a crucial role in realizing the potential for 'precision' to enhance traditional public health approaches.
精准公共卫生（PPH）考虑遗传、生活方式和环境之间的相互作用，以改善人群层面的疾病预防、诊断和治疗，从而在正确的时间将正确的干预措施提供给正确的人群。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 PPH 作为下一代公共卫生的概念。我们讨论了在公共卫生干预中使用个体层面数据的历史背景，并研究了人类和病原体基因组学以及社会、行为和环境研究数据以及人工智能如何改变公共卫生的最新进展。讨论了 PPH 的实际案例，强调了这些方法如何成为公共卫生的主要支柱，以及它们在发展、实施和可持续性方面面临的突出挑战。数据科学、伦理、法律和社会影响研究、能力建设、公平研究和实施科学将在实现“精准”潜力以增强传统公共卫生方法方面发挥关键作用。
