职业教育学生多种健康危险行为的在线和电话主动提供支持服务的利用情况：一项群组随机对照试验的过程评估。

Uptake of Proactively Offered Online and Telephone Support Services Targeting Multiple Health Risk Behaviors Among Vocational Education Students: Process Evaluation of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

机构信息

School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.

Hunter New England Population Health, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia.

出版信息

J Med Internet Res. 2021 Jan 6;23(1):e19737. doi: 10.2196/19737.

DOI:10.2196/19737

PMID:33404504

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7817359/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

A high proportion of vocational education students smoke tobacco, have inadequate nutrition (ie, low fruit and vegetable intake), drink alcohol at risky levels, or are physically inactive. The extent to which vocational education students will sign up for proactively offered online and telephone support services for multiple health risk behaviors is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine the uptake of proactively offered online and telephone support services for smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical activity risk behaviors, individually and in combination, among vocational education students in the Technical and Further Education (TAFE) setting. The characteristics associated with the uptake of online or telephone services for smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical activity risk behaviors were also examined.

METHODS

Vocational education students enrolled in a TAFE class in New South Wales, Australia, which ran for 6 months or more, were recruited to participate in a cluster randomized controlled trial from May 2018 to May 2019. In the intervention arm, participants who did not meet the Australian health guidelines for each of the smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical activity risk behaviors were provided electronic feedback and proactively offered online and telephone support services. Uptake of support was measured by whether participants signed up for the online and telephone services they were offered.

RESULTS

Vocational education students (N=551; mean age 25.7 years, SD 11.1; 310/551, 56.3% male) were recruited into the intervention arm. Uptake of the proactive offer of either online or telephone services was 14.5% (59/406) for fruit and vegetables, 12.7% (29/228) for physical activity, 6.8% (13/191) for smoking, and 5.5% (18/327) for alcohol use. Uptake of any online or telephone service for at least two health behaviors was 5.8% (22/377). Participants who were employed (odds ratio [OR] 0.10, 95% CI 0.01-0.72) and reported not being anxious (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.71) had smaller odds of signing up for online or telephone services for smoking, whereas participants who reported not being depressed had greater odds (OR 10.25, 95% CI 1.30-80.67). Participants who intended to change their physical activity in the next 30 days had greater odds (OR 4.01, 95% CI 1.33-12.07) of signing up for online or telephone services for physical activity. Employed participants had smaller odds (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.06-0.56) of signing up for support services for at least two behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the uptake of proactively offered online and telephone support services is low, these rates appear to be higher than the self-initiated use of some of these services in the general population. Scaling up the proactive offer of online and telephone services may produce beneficial health outcomes.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12618000723280; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375001.

摘要

背景

相当一部分职业教育学生吸烟、营养摄入不足（即水果和蔬菜摄入量低）、饮酒量达到危险水平或身体活动不足。职业教育学生主动报名参加针对多种健康风险行为的在线和电话支持服务的比例尚不清楚。

目的

本研究旨在考察职业教育学生在 TAFE 环境中对吸烟、营养、饮酒和身体活动风险行为的在线和电话支持服务的主动参与程度，以及个体和综合参与情况。还研究了与吸烟、营养、饮酒和身体活动风险行为的在线或电话服务参与相关的特征。

方法

2018 年 5 月至 2019 年 5 月，从澳大利亚新南威尔士州参加 TAFE 课程且课程持续 6 个月或以上的职业教育学生中招募参与者参加一项集群随机对照试验。在干预组中，不符合澳大利亚吸烟、营养、饮酒和身体活动风险行为健康指南的参与者会收到电子反馈，并主动提供在线和电话支持服务。通过参与者是否报名参加他们所提供的在线和电话服务来衡量支持的参与度。

结果

共有 551 名职业教育学生（平均年龄 25.7 岁，标准差 11.1；310/551，56.3%为男性）被招募到干预组。对在线或电话服务的主动提供的参与率为：水果和蔬菜为 14.5%（59/406），身体活动为 12.7%（29/228），吸烟为 6.8%（13/191），饮酒为 5.5%（18/327）。至少有两种健康行为的任何在线或电话服务的参与率为 5.8%（22/377）。就业的参与者（比值比 [OR] 0.10，95%置信区间 0.01-0.72）和报告不焦虑的参与者（OR 0.11，95%置信区间 0.02-0.71）报名参加吸烟在线或电话服务的可能性较小，而报告不抑郁的参与者则有更大的可能性（OR 10.25，95%置信区间 1.30-80.67）。计划在接下来的 30 天内改变身体活动的参与者报名参加身体活动在线或电话服务的可能性更大（OR 4.01，95%置信区间 1.33-12.07）。就业的参与者（OR 0.18，95%置信区间 0.06-0.56）报名参加至少两种行为支持服务的可能性较小。