Liu Yanzhuo, Anastacio Gean Rodrigues, Ishangulyyeva Guncha, Rodriguez-Ramos Jean C, Erbilgin Nadir
Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada.
School of Ecol & Environ Sci, East China Normal Univ, Shanghai, China.
Microb Ecol. 2021 May;81(4):1106-1110. doi: 10.1007/s00248-020-01661-z. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Interactions between mutualistic bark beetles and ophiostomatoid fungi have received considerable attention in recent years. Studies have shown how volatile organic compounds emitted from mutualist fungi affect the behaviors of several bark beetle species. However, we currently lack sufficient knowledge regarding whether bark beetle pheromones can influence mutualist fungi. Here, we measured growth and biomass of two mutualistic fungi of the mountain pine beetle in response to headspace of a beetle pheromone (trans-verbenol), a blend of host tree volatiles, the combination of both, or control (no volatile source) in vitro experiments consisting of a nitrogen-based medium. The surface area and ergosterol content of the mycelia were used as surrogates for fungal growth and biomass respectively. We found that both growth and biomass of Grosmannia clavigera and Ophiostoma montium were greater in medium exposed to any type of volatile sources than the control. While growth and ergosterol content of G. clavigera were highest in the combination treatment, there were no differences in growth or biomass among the types of volatiles introduced for O. montium. These results suggest that both mutualistic fungi can utilize both bark beetle pheromone and host tree volatiles as nutrient sources. Overall, these results support the on-going studies on the role of volatile organic compounds mediating mutualistic bark beetle-fungi interactions.
近年来，互利共生的树皮甲虫与长喙壳类真菌之间的相互作用受到了广泛关注。研究表明，互利共生真菌释放的挥发性有机化合物如何影响几种树皮甲虫的行为。然而，我们目前对于树皮甲虫信息素是否能影响互利共生真菌仍缺乏足够的了解。在这里，我们在由氮基培养基组成的体外实验中，测量了山松甲虫的两种互利共生真菌在接触甲虫信息素（反式马鞭草烯醇）的顶空、寄主树挥发性物质混合物、两者的组合或对照（无挥发性物质来源）时的生长和生物量。菌丝体的表面积和麦角甾醇含量分别用作真菌生长和生物量的替代指标。我们发现，与对照相比，暴露于任何类型挥发性物质来源的培养基中，克拉维格罗森菌和山地长喙壳菌的生长和生物量都更大。虽然在组合处理中克拉维格罗森菌的生长和麦角甾醇含量最高，但对于山地长喙壳菌，引入的挥发性物质类型之间在生长或生物量上没有差异。这些结果表明，这两种互利共生真菌都可以利用树皮甲虫信息素和寄主树挥发性物质作为营养来源。总体而言，这些结果支持了正在进行的关于挥发性有机化合物在介导树皮甲虫与真菌互利共生相互作用中作用的研究。
