Matellan Carlos, Del Río Hernández Armando E
Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2019 Aug 12;5(8):3703-3719. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01206. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
Physical forces and other mechanical stimuli are fundamental regulators of cell behavior and function. Cells are also biomechanically competent: they generate forces to migrate, contract, remodel, and sense their environment. As the knowledge of the mechanisms of mechanobiology increases, the need to resolve and probe increasingly small scales calls for novel technologies to mechanically manipulate cells, examine forces exerted by cells, and characterize cellular biomechanics. Here, we review novel methods to quantify cellular force generation, measure cell mechanical properties, and exert localized piconewton and nanonewton forces on cells, receptors, and proteins. The combination of these technologies will provide further insight on the effect of mechanical stimuli on cells and the mechanisms that convert these stimuli into biochemical and biomechanical activity.
物理力和其他机械刺激是细胞行为和功能的基本调节因子。细胞在生物力学方面也具有活性：它们产生力以进行迁移、收缩、重塑并感知周围环境。随着对力学生物学机制的了解不断增加，解析和探测越来越小尺度的需求促使人们开发新技术来机械操纵细胞、检测细胞施加的力并表征细胞生物力学特性。在此，我们综述了量化细胞力产生、测量细胞力学性质以及对细胞、受体和蛋白质施加局部皮牛顿和纳牛顿力的新方法。这些技术的结合将进一步深入了解机械刺激对细胞的影响以及将这些刺激转化为生化和生物力学活性的机制。
