Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies (CELOS), Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Depress Anxiety. 2021 Mar;38(3):272-285. doi: 10.1002/da.23133. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Prior research indicated, based on retrospective assessments of symptomatology, that 25% of individuals with "remitted" anxiety disorders (AD) experience a relapse. The present study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine how ADs affect everyday life among community adolescents and young adults with current or remitted AD compared to healthy controls and to each other.
Data come from the baseline assessment of the epidemiological Behavior and Mind Health study, conducted in Dresden (Germany) from 11/2015-12/2016. The sub-sample analyzed (n = 648, age 14-21) consisted of 65 participants with current DSM-5 AD-diagnosis, 52 participants with lifetime AD-diagnosis but not within the last 6 months (remitted), and 531 healthy controls (no psychopathology; healthy controls [HC]). EMA of various constructs took place 8 times a day for 4 days.
The highest levels of symptoms were reported by those with current AD, followed by remitted AD and HC. Regression analyses revealed significantly worse mood, self-efficacy, quality of life and sleep-quality and more experiential avoidance, stress, negative thoughts and pessimism in remitted and current AD compared to HC. Current AD additional differed significantly from HC in optimism and positive thoughts. Furthermore, individuals with remitted AD without comorbidities differed significantly from HC on five out of 16 constructs.
Not only current but also remitted AD is associated with diverse negative experiences in everyday life, which cannot merely be explained by comorbidities. As the remaining burden and impairment in individuals with remitted AD might contribute to relapse, interventions might be targeted to improve mental health.
先前的研究基于症状的回顾性评估表明，25%的“缓解”焦虑障碍（AD）患者会复发。本研究使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）来研究当前或缓解期 AD 患者与健康对照组以及彼此之间 AD 如何影响社区青少年和年轻人的日常生活。
数据来自于行为与心理健康的流行病学研究的基线评估，该研究于 2015 年 11 月至 2016 年 12 月在德国德累斯顿进行。分析的子样本（n=648，年龄 14-21 岁）包括 65 名患有 DSM-5 AD 诊断的当前患者，52 名有过 AD 病史但不在过去 6 个月内（缓解期）的患者，以及 531 名健康对照组（无精神病理学；健康对照组[HC]）。EMA 每天进行 8 次，持续 4 天。
当前 AD 患者报告的症状水平最高，其次是缓解期 AD 和 HC。回归分析显示，缓解期和当前 AD 患者的情绪、自我效能、生活质量和睡眠质量明显较差，体验回避、压力、负面想法和悲观情绪明显较多，而 HC 则明显较少。当前 AD 患者与 HC 相比，在乐观和积极想法方面也存在显著差异。此外，无共病的缓解期 AD 患者在 16 个结构中的 5 个方面与 HC 显著不同。
不仅当前 AD，而且缓解期 AD 也与日常生活中的各种负面经历有关，这些经历不能仅仅用共病来解释。由于缓解期 AD 患者的剩余负担和损害可能导致复发，因此干预措施可能旨在改善心理健康。
