Jiao X L, Zhao Z H, Jiang L Q
Department of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control, Corporation of Xian coal-power, Taiyuan 030053, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2020 Dec 20;38(12):902-905. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200413-00193.
To investigate the status of coal dust hazard classification and lung function damage in a large coal mine in Shanxi Province. From January to June in 2019, 51 coal dust posts and 598 workers exposed to coal dust were selected from a large coal mine enterprise in Shanxi Province. The coal dust (exhaled dust) samples were collected and tested, and the hazard classification index of coal dust (exhaled dust) was calculated. The jobs exposed to coal dust (exhaled dust) were divided into relatively harmless, mild, moderate and severe hazard posts, and the corresponding workers were divided into relatively harmless group, mild, moderate and severe hazard groups. The forced expiratory volume (FEV1) , forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) in the first second were measured. Spearman rank correlation method was used to analyze the relationship between the hazard grade of coal dust and lung function. Among 51 coal dust (exhalation) posts, 13 coal dust (exhalation dust) exceeded the standard (25.5%) . 168 cases (34.78%) had abnormal pulmonary function. Compared with the relatively harmless group, the proportion of abnormal pulmonary function of workers in mild, moderate and severe hazard groups were higher, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC values were lower, the differences were statistically significant (<0.05) . The rank of coal dust (exhaled dust) was negatively correlated with FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC (<0.01) . Attention should be paid to the supervision and management of relatively harmless and slightly harmful coal dust posts. FVC may be one of the lung function indexes sensitive to coal dust exposure.
为调查山西省某大型煤矿煤尘危害分级及肺功能损害状况。2019年1月至6月，从山西省某大型煤矿企业选取51个煤尘岗位及598名煤尘接触工人。采集并检测煤尘（呼尘）样本，计算煤尘（呼尘）危害分级指数。将接触煤尘（呼尘）岗位分为相对无害、轻度、中度和重度危害岗位，相应工人分为相对无害组、轻度、中度和重度危害组。测量第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）及第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）。采用Spearman等级相关法分析煤尘危害等级与肺功能的关系。51个煤尘（呼尘）岗位中，13个煤尘（呼尘）超标（25.5%）。168例（34.78%）肺功能异常。与相对无害组相比，轻度、中度和重度危害组工人肺功能异常比例更高，FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC值更低，差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。煤尘（呼尘）分级与FEV1、FVC及FEV1/FVC呈负相关（<0.01）。应重视对相对无害和轻度有害煤尘岗位的监督管理。FVC可能是对煤尘接触敏感的肺功能指标之一。
