Lin Annie W, Siscovick David, Sternfeld Barbara, Schreiner Pamela, Lewis Cora E, Wang Erica T, Merkin Sharon S, Wellons Melissa, Steffen Lyn, Calderon-Margalit Ronit, Cassano Patricia A, Lujan Marla E
Department of Nutrition, Benedictine University, 5700 College Road, Lisle, IL, 60532, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 6;21(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10028-5.
Current evidence supports the adoption of healthy diet and physical activity (PA) behaviors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), given the positive effects of those behaviors on physical well-being. An improved understanding of the associations between diet and PA with PCOS is needed to ascertain whether tailored dietary and PA recommendations are needed for this population. Thus, we investigated the associations of diet and PA with PCOS and its isolated features.
Cross-sectional study. Of the 748 women who were included in this study from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Women's Study, 40 were classified as having PCOS, 104 had isolated hyperandrogenism (HA) and 75 had isolated oligomenorrhea (OA). Dietary intake was measured using the CARDIA diet history questionnaire and diet quality was scored using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010; a higher score indicated a better quality diet. Self-reported PA was measured using a validated interviewer-administered questionnaire. Polytomous logistic regression analyses examined the associations between diet and PA with PCOS, HA, and OA status (outcomes), adjusting for age, race, total energy intake, education, and/or body mass index. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Mean age of the participants was 25.4 years (SD 3.6) and 46.8% of participants were Black women. There was little to no association of total energy intake, nutrients, diet quality, and PA with PCOS, HA or OA status.
Energy intake, nutrient composition, diet quality, and PA were not associated with PCOS, supporting recent PCOS guidelines of using national recommendations for the general population to encourage health-promoting behaviors among women with PCOS. However, longitudinal studies evaluating changes in diet and physical activity in relation to the development and/or the progression of PCOS are needed to establish a causal association.
鉴于健康饮食和身体活动（PA）行为对身体健康具有积极影响，目前的证据支持多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者采取这些行为。需要更好地理解饮食和PA与PCOS之间的关联，以确定该人群是否需要针对性的饮食和PA建议。因此，我们研究了饮食和PA与PCOS及其单独特征之间的关联。
横断面研究。在参与“年轻成年人冠状动脉风险发展（CARDIA）女性研究”的748名女性中，40名被归类为患有PCOS，104名有单纯高雄激素血症（HA），75名有单纯月经过少（OA）。使用CARDIA饮食史问卷测量饮食摄入量，并使用2010年替代健康饮食指数对饮食质量进行评分；分数越高表明饮食质量越好。使用经过验证的访员管理问卷测量自我报告的PA。多分类逻辑回归分析研究了饮食和PA与PCOS、HA和OA状态（结局）之间的关联，并对年龄、种族、总能量摄入、教育程度和/或体重指数进行了调整。统计学显著性阈值设定为p < 0.05。
参与者的平均年龄为25.4岁（标准差3.6），46.8%的参与者为黑人女性。总能量摄入、营养素、饮食质量和PA与PCOS、HA或OA状态几乎没有关联。
能量摄入、营养成分、饮食质量和PA与PCOS无关，这支持了最近PCOS指南中使用针对一般人群的国家建议来鼓励PCOS女性采取促进健康行为的观点。然而，需要进行纵向研究来评估饮食和身体活动的变化与PCOS的发生和/或进展之间的关系，以建立因果关联。
