Department of Medicine, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, 0870, Australia.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
Retrovirology. 2021 Jan 6;18(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12977-020-00543-z.
The lung is one of several organs that can be affected by HTLV-1 mediated inflammation. Pulmonary inflammation associated with HTLV-1 infection involves the interstitium, airways and alveoli, resulting in several clinical entities including interstitial pneumonias, bronchiolitis and alveolitis, depending on which structures are most affected. Augmentation of the inflammatory effects of HTLV-1 infected lymphocytes by recruitment of other inflammatory cells in a positive feedback loop is likely to underlie the pathogenesis of HTLV-1 associated pulmonary disease, as has been proposed for HTLV-1 associated myelopathy. In contrast to the conclusions of early case series, HTLV-1 associated pulmonary disease can be associated with significant parenchymal damage, which may progress to bronchiectasis where this involves the airways. Based on our current understanding of HTLV-1 associated pulmonary disease, diagnostic criteria are proposed.
肺是受 HTLV-1 介导的炎症影响的几个器官之一。与 HTLV-1 感染相关的肺部炎症涉及间质、气道和肺泡，导致几种临床实体，包括间质性肺炎、细支气管炎和肺泡炎，具体取决于受影响的结构。通过募集其他炎症细胞在正反馈环中增强受感染淋巴细胞的炎症效应，可能是 HTLV-1 相关肺部疾病发病机制的基础，正如已经提出的 HTLV-1 相关脊髓病的发病机制。与早期病例系列的结论相反，HTLV-1 相关肺部疾病可能与实质性损伤相关，这可能进展为支气管扩张症，在支气管扩张症中涉及气道。基于我们对 HTLV-1 相关肺部疾病的当前理解，提出了诊断标准。
