Faculty of Nursing, Toho University, 4-16-20, Omori-Nishi Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-0015, Japan.
Int Breastfeed J. 2021 Jan 6;16(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00351-3.
Maternal employment has been described as a barrier to breastfeeding in many countries. In Japan, many mothers quit breastfeeding after returning to work because they do not know how to continue breastfeeding. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support program for mothers. The secondary objective was to explore the effectiveness of a pamphlet for mothers returning to work.
This was a quasi-experimental design study with a program group (n = 48), pamphlet group (n = 46) and comparison group (n = 47) that took place from February 2017 to August 2018. Participants in the program and pamphlet groups were women who planned to return to work within 4-12 months after giving birth, while the comparison group included women who had been back at work for at least 3 months. The program involved a 90-min breastfeeding class, a pamphlet, a newsletter, and email consultation. The pamphlet group was sent only the pamphlet, while the comparison group received no intervention. The outcome was breastfeeding continuation rate at 3 months after returning to work.
The breastfeeding continuation rate 3 months after returning to work was significantly higher in the program group than in the comparison group (79.2% vs. 51.1%, p = 0.004). After adjusting for background factors, the program intervention had an effect on breastfeeding rates (adjusted odds ratio = 4.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 13.96; p = 0.006). However, comparing the pamphlet and comparison groups revealed no significant differences in breastfeeding continuation rates at 3 months after returning to work (69.6% vs. 51.1%, p = 0.07).
Program intervention was associated with a significant increase in breastfeeding continuation rates 3 months after returning to work. Randomized controlled trials are needed to make this program applicable in practice. Pamphlet intervention resulted in no significant difference. Further study is necessary after examining the contents of the pamphlet.
在许多国家，母亲就业被描述为母乳喂养的障碍。在日本，许多母亲在重返工作岗位后就停止了母乳喂养，因为她们不知道如何继续母乳喂养。本研究的主要目的是调查一项针对母亲的母乳喂养支持计划的效果。次要目的是探讨为重返工作岗位的母亲提供小册子的效果。
这是一项准实验设计研究，包括一个方案组（n=48）、一个小册子组（n=46）和一个对照组（n=47），研究时间为 2017 年 2 月至 2018 年 8 月。方案组和小册子组的参与者是计划在分娩后 4-12 个月内重返工作岗位的女性，而对照组包括已经重返工作岗位至少 3 个月的女性。该方案包括 90 分钟的母乳喂养课程、小册子、通讯和电子邮件咨询。小册子组仅收到小册子，而对照组则未接受任何干预。结局是重返工作后 3 个月的母乳喂养持续率。
重返工作后 3 个月的母乳喂养持续率在方案组显著高于对照组（79.2%比 51.1%，p=0.004）。调整背景因素后，方案干预对母乳喂养率有影响（调整后的优势比=4.68，95%置信区间：1.57，13.96；p=0.006）。然而，比较小册子组和对照组发现，重返工作后 3 个月的母乳喂养持续率没有显著差异（69.6%比 51.1%，p=0.07）。
方案干预与重返工作后 3 个月母乳喂养持续率的显著增加相关。需要进行随机对照试验，以使该方案在实践中具有可操作性。小册子干预没有产生显著差异。在检查小册子的内容后，需要进一步研究。
