Lin Chaojing, Hashisaka Masayuki, Akiho Takafumi, Muraki Koji, Fujisawa Toshimasa
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.
Tokyo Tech Academy for Super Smart Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2021 Jan 7;12(1):131. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20395-7.
Fractionalization is a phenomenon where an elementary excitation partitions into several pieces. This picture explains non-trivial transport through a junction of one-dimensional edge channels defined by topologically distinct quantum Hall states, for example, a hole-conjugate state at Landau-level filling factor ν = 2/3. Here we employ a time-resolved scheme to identify an elementary fractionalization process; injection of charge q from a non-interaction region into an interacting and scattering region of one-dimensional channels results in the formation of a collective excitation with charge (1-r)q by reflecting fractionalized charge rq. The fractionalization factors, r = 0.34 ± 0.03 for ν = 2/3 and r = 0.49 ± 0.03 for ν = 2, are consistent with the quantized values of 1/3 and 1/2, respectively, which are expected in the disorder dominated regime. The scheme can be used for generating and transporting fractionalized charges with a well-defined time course along a well-defined path.
分数化是一种基本激发分裂成若干部分的现象。这幅图解释了通过由拓扑不同的量子霍尔态定义的一维边缘通道的结的非平凡输运，例如，朗道能级填充因子ν = 2/3时的空穴共轭态。在这里，我们采用一种时间分辨方案来识别一个基本的分数化过程；从非相互作用区域向一维通道的相互作用和散射区域注入电荷q，通过反射分数化电荷rq，导致形成电荷为(1 - r)q的集体激发。对于ν = 2/3，分数化因子r = 0.34 ± 0.03；对于ν = 2，分数化因子r = 0.49 ± 0.03，分别与无序主导区域中预期的1/3和1/2的量化值一致。该方案可用于沿着明确的路径以明确的时间进程产生和传输分数化电荷。
