Prakash Binayendu, Jaiswal Anurag, Shah Mandar M
Department of Cardiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Oct 30;9(10):5183-5187. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1063_20. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and its complications are on an increasing trend in the younger age group. In this study, we aimed to identify the different risk factor profile and coronary angiographic characteristics of young adults presenting with coronary artery disease.
We conducted this retrospective observational study at Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, for 5 years between April 2015 and March 2020. Inclusion criteria being patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome or chronic stable angina, aged ≤40 years, who underwent coronary angiography. Those below 40 years of age who underwent angiography in non-CAD (coronary artery disease) setting were excluded.
Among the 117 cases included in this study, 81.1% were males and 18.8% were females. Majority of cases, i.e., 52.2% were in the age group of 36-40 years. Risk factor evaluation showed hypertension as the major risk factor, present in 30.76% of patients, followed by diabetes mellitus in 21.36%, Dyslipidaemia was noted in 7.6%. History of smoking was present in 8.54%, history of smokeless tobacco use was in 7.69%, family history of CAD was noted in 9.4% of patients. Among 117 cases, SVD (single-vessel disease) was most prevalent, seen in 55.5% cases. 21.3% had normal or recanalized coronaries. Among SVD, LAD (Left anterior descending artery) was the most commonly involved vessel (80%).
Young patients with CAD are mainly males, and SVD in the form of LAD is more commonly involved. In this vulnerable age group, more emphasis should be given on diagnosis and management of risk factors.
心血管疾病（CVD）及其并发症在较年轻年龄组中有上升趋势。在本研究中，我们旨在确定患有冠状动脉疾病的年轻成年人的不同危险因素谱和冠状动脉造影特征。
我们于2015年4月至2020年3月期间在恰尔肯德邦贾姆谢德布尔的塔塔主医院进行了这项回顾性观察研究，为期5年。纳入标准为因急性冠状动脉综合征或慢性稳定型心绞痛入院、年龄≤40岁且接受冠状动脉造影的患者。排除在非CAD（冠状动脉疾病）情况下接受血管造影的40岁以下患者。
本研究纳入的117例病例中，81.1%为男性，18.8%为女性。大多数病例（即52.2%）年龄在36 - 40岁组。危险因素评估显示高血压是主要危险因素，30.76%的患者存在，其次是糖尿病，占21.36%，血脂异常占7.6%。吸烟史占8.54%，无烟烟草使用史占7.69%，CAD家族史占9.4%的患者。在117例病例中，单支血管病变（SVD）最为常见，见于55.5%的病例。21.3%的患者冠状动脉正常或已再通。在SVD中，左前降支（LAD）是最常受累的血管（80%）。
患有CAD的年轻患者主要为男性，以LAD形式的SVD更常受累。在这个易患人群中，应更加强调危险因素的诊断和管理。
