Prakash Surya, Thomas Joy M, Anantharaman Rajaram
Interventional Cardiology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, IND.
Interventional Cardiology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 6;16(7):e63949. doi: 10.7759/cureus.63949. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI) in young South Indians presents a shifting epidemiological landscape, challenging traditional perceptions of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigates the clinical and angiographic profiles of MI in this subgroup of the population in detail, emphasizing the interaction between lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors that contribute to the incidence of MI in younger people. Methodology Utilizing a descriptive observational design, the study analyzed data from 70 young adults (aged 18-45 years) admitted to Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai, with acute MI over six months. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and angiographic findings were collected and analyzed using standardized protocols. Statistical analysis employed chi-square tests and subgroup analyses to assess associations and differences between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Results The study revealed a predominance of males (84.29%) among MI cases, with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) being the most common presentation (52.86%). Anterior wall involvement was prevalent (50%), and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) was observed in the majority (67%) of patients. Chest pain (87%) was the predominant symptom, and diabetes (47%) and hypertension (47%) were the risk variables that were most common. Angiographically, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was often affected (51%), with single-vessel disease predominating (41.43%). Conclusion The findings underscore the significance of early detection and intervention strategies for MI in young South Indians. Gender-specific risk assessment, prompt diagnosis, and tailored treatment approaches are imperative. The high prevalence of LVSD highlights the burden of cardiac morbidity, particularly in diabetic individuals. Lifestyle modifications and weight management interventions are crucial for MI prevention. This study provides insights into the frequency and features of MI in young South Indians, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts for early identification and control of modifiable risk factors to mitigate the burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) in this population subset.
引言 年轻的南印度人中心肌梗死（MI）呈现出不断变化的流行病学态势，对心血管疾病的传统认知构成挑战。本研究详细调查了该人群亚组中MI的临床和血管造影特征，强调了生活方式、环境和遗传因素之间的相互作用，这些因素导致了年轻人MI的发生。
方法 本研究采用描述性观察设计，分析了在钦奈的前沿生命线医院住院六个月以上的70名急性MI年轻成年人（年龄18 - 45岁）的数据。使用标准化方案收集并分析患者的人口统计学、临床特征和血管造影结果。统计分析采用卡方检验和亚组分析来评估糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者之间的关联和差异。
结果 研究显示，MI病例中男性占主导（84.29%），ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）是最常见的表现形式（52.86%）。前壁受累很普遍（50%），大多数患者（67%）出现左心室收缩功能障碍（LVSD）。胸痛（87%）是主要症状，糖尿病（47%）和高血压（47%）是最常见的风险变量。在血管造影方面，左前降支动脉（LAD）常受累（51%），单支血管病变占主导（41.43%）。
结论 研究结果强调了针对年轻南印度人MI的早期检测和干预策略的重要性。针对性别的风险评估、及时诊断和量身定制的治疗方法至关重要。LVSD的高患病率突出了心脏发病的负担，尤其是在糖尿病患者中。生活方式的改变和体重管理干预对于预防MI至关重要。本研究深入了解了年轻南印度人MI的发生频率和特征，强调了共同努力早期识别和控制可改变风险因素以减轻该人群亚组中冠状动脉疾病（CAD）负担的重要性。
