Gupta Govind Kumar, Rani Sudha, Kumar Raj, Priyedarshi Pritam, Singh Bhoopendra
Department of Orthopaedics, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India.
Department of Anatomy, Hazaribag Medical College, Hazaribag, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Oct 30;9(10):5223-5228. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1434_20. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. This study aimed to assess the incidence and pattern of RTIs in the tribal population of Jharkhand.
This prospective observational study was conducted for a period of 1 year (June 2018 to May 2019) at the Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was administered. A total of 1713 road traffic accident (RTA) victims belonging to tribal population were interviewed during the study period. Data were entered in a Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.
There were 1258 (73.4%) males and 455 (26.6%) females. The majority (31.4%) of patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years, followed by 19.2% in the age group of 31-40 years. The majority (52.13%) of RTAs involved a two-wheeler vehicle. Head injury was the most common type of injury (40.86%), followed by lower limb injury (26.68%). Common upper limb injuries were in the humerus and radius and ulna region. The majority of lower limb injuries involved tibia and femur. Common thoracic-abdomen injuries were soft tissue injury and lung contusion. Drunk driving (alcohol influence) was seen in 34.68% of cases of RTI.
RTA is a major public health problem which needs to accelerate the efforts of road safety preventive measures. Road safety education should be promoted.
道路交通伤害（RTIs）是全球死亡率和发病率的主要原因。本研究旨在评估恰尔肯德邦部落人口中道路交通伤害的发生率和模式。
本前瞻性观察性研究于1年期间（2018年6月至2019年5月）在恰尔肯德邦兰契的拉金德拉医学科学研究所进行。采用经过预测试的半结构化问卷。在研究期间，共采访了1713名属于部落人口的道路交通事故（RTA）受害者。数据录入Microsoft Excel工作表，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）16版进行分析。
男性有1258人（73.4%），女性有455人（26.6%）。大多数患者（31.4%）属于21 - 30岁年龄组，其次是31 - 40岁年龄组，占19.2%。大多数道路交通事故（52.13%）涉及两轮车。头部受伤是最常见的损伤类型（40.86%），其次是下肢损伤（26.68%）。常见的上肢损伤发生在肱骨以及桡骨和尺骨区域。大多数下肢损伤涉及胫骨和股骨。常见的胸腹部损伤是软组织损伤和肺挫伤。在34.68%的道路交通伤害病例中发现有酒驾（酒精影响）情况。
道路交通事故是一个重大的公共卫生问题，需要加快道路安全预防措施的力度。应推广道路安全教育。
