Hadaye Rujuta S, Rathod Sachin, Shastri Shruti
Department of Community Medicine, Seth. G. S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Jan 28;9(1):168-172. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_904_19. eCollection 2020 Jan.
Traffic injuries are one of the major causes of morbidity in India. It involves human sufferings in terms of physical, emotional, and financial losses to the individual, family, and the country. A better insight into the epidemiological determinants will help prevent such injuries.
To estimate the proportion of fatal and nonfatal accidents and to determine the epidemiological factors related to nonfatal accidents.
It was a cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months. A simple random sampling technique was used for the selection of sample size of 476. Nonfatal accident victims were interviewed.
The proportion of nonfatal to fatal accidents was found to be 1.8:1. Around 72.9% of drivers did not use any safety measure while driving. Two-wheelers (39%) and light motor vehicles (28.3%) were mostly involved, 45% of drivers had speed more than 60 km/h. Obstacles in the road (41%), defective roads (36.5%), and poor street lighting (11.4%) were reported as contributing factors of the accident. Lower extremities and head neck and face were involved in 47.2% and 27.1% of cases, respectively. Around 40.4% of cases had a single-site fracture.
Traffic injuries result from the interaction between agent, host, and environmental factors. Preventing these interactions is very well possible with little extra care given towards road safety and traffic behavior of individuals.
交通事故伤是印度发病的主要原因之一。它给个人、家庭和国家带来身体、情感和经济损失等方面的痛苦。深入了解流行病学决定因素将有助于预防此类伤害。
估计致命和非致命事故的比例，并确定与非致命事故相关的流行病学因素。
这是一项在一家三级护理医院进行的为期6个月的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选取了476个样本量。对非致命事故受害者进行了访谈。
发现非致命事故与致命事故的比例为1.8:1。约72.9%的驾驶员在驾驶时未采取任何安全措施。两轮车（39%）和轻型机动车（28.3%）涉及事故最多，45%的驾驶员车速超过60公里/小时。道路障碍物（41%）、道路缺陷（36.5%）和街道照明不足（11.4%）被报告为事故的促成因素。下肢、头颈和面部分别在47.2%和27.1%的病例中受累。约40.4%的病例有单部位骨折。
交通伤害是由致病因子、宿主和环境因素之间的相互作用导致的。只要对道路安全和个人交通行为稍加额外关注，就很有可能预防这些相互作用。
