Stewardson R H, Nyhus L M
Arch Surg. 1977 Oct;112(10):1192-7. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1977.01370100046009.
Pulmonary aspiration of foreign material occurs in many situations. The morbidity of pulmonary aspiration is astounding. even more staggering is the mortality of massive aspiration of gastric contents. Bewilderment exists among most physicians concerning the treatment of this lethal event. The use of corticosteroids in pulmonary aspiration has received much attention and no data exist to advocate their continued employment. Knowledge of the bacteriology of aspiration has resulted in more judicious use of antimicrobial agents. The most significant advance in the treatment of pulmonary aspiration has been the development of positive end-expiratory pressure as an adjunct to mechanical ventilation. Pulmonary aspiration in hospitalized patients is an entirely preventable disease. All physicians must be made aware of the multitude of instances in which aspiration may occur if any hope of averting this disaster exists.
异物的肺吸入发生在多种情况下。肺吸入的发病率惊人。更令人震惊的是大量胃内容物吸入的死亡率。大多数医生对这种致命事件的治疗感到困惑。皮质类固醇在肺吸入中的应用受到了很多关注，但没有数据支持继续使用它们。对吸入细菌学的了解导致了抗菌药物的更合理使用。肺吸入治疗中最显著的进展是呼气末正压作为机械通气辅助手段的发展。住院患者的肺吸入是一种完全可预防的疾病。如果有避免这场灾难的希望，所有医生都必须意识到可能发生吸入的多种情况。
