Baytunca Muharrem Burak, de Frederick Blaise, Bolat Gul Unsel, Kardas Burcu, Inci Sevim Berrin, Ipci Melis, Calli Cem, Özyurt Onur, Öngür Dost, Süren Serkan, Ercan Eyüp Sabri
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
McLean Imaging Center, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, MA, USA.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2021 Apr;75(3):224-233. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2020.1864775. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a relatively new imaging modality in the field of the cognitive neuroscience. In the present study, we aimed to compare the dynamic regional cerebral blood flow alterations of children with ADHD and healthy controls during a neurocognitive task by using event-related ASL scanning.
The study comprised of 17 healthy controls and 20 children with ADHD. The study subjects were scanned on 3 Tesla MRI scanner to obtain ASL imaging data. Subjects performed go/no-go task during the ASL image acquisition. The image analyses were performed by FEAT (fMRI Expert Analysis Tool) Version 6.
The mean age was 10.88 ± 1.45 and 11 ± 1.91 for the control and ADHD group, respectively ( = .112). The go/no-go task was utilized during the ASL scanning. The right anterior cingulate cortex (BA32) extending into the frontopolar and orbitofrontal cortices (BA10 and 11) displayed greater activation in ADHD children relative to the control counterparts ( < .001). With a lenient significance threshold, greater activation was revealed in the right-sided frontoparietal regions during the go session, and in the left precuneus during the no-go session.
These results indicate that children with ADHD needed to over-activate frontopolar cortex, anterior cingulate as well as the dorsal and ventral attention networks to compensate for the attention demanded in a given cognitive task.
动脉自旋标记（ASL）是认知神经科学领域中一种相对较新的成像方式。在本研究中，我们旨在通过使用事件相关ASL扫描，比较注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童和健康对照在神经认知任务期间动态区域脑血流的变化。
该研究包括17名健康对照和20名ADHD儿童。研究对象在3特斯拉磁共振成像（MRI）扫描仪上进行扫描以获取ASL成像数据。在ASL图像采集期间，受试者执行了“是/否”任务。图像分析由FEAT（功能磁共振成像专家分析工具）版本6进行。
对照组和ADHD组的平均年龄分别为10.88±1.45岁和11±1.91岁（P = 0.112）。在ASL扫描期间使用了“是/否”任务。相对于对照儿童，延伸至额极和眶额皮质（BA10和11）的右侧前扣带回皮质（BA32）在ADHD儿童中表现出更大的激活（P <0.001）。在宽松的显著性阈值下，在“是”任务期间右侧额顶叶区域显示出更大的激活，而在“否”任务期间左侧楔前叶显示出更大的激活。
这些结果表明，ADHD儿童需要过度激活额极皮质、前扣带回以及背侧和腹侧注意力网络，以补偿给定认知任务中所需的注意力。
