Dadipoor Sakineh, Aghamolaei Teamur, Mirzaei-Alavijeh Mehdi, Ghaffari Mohtasham, Heyrani Ali, Hosseini Teshnizi Saeed
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2021 Jan 8:1-17. doi: 10.1080/15332640.2020.1864538.
This Study was designed to answer the question: what are the intervention goals of women for ceasing to smoke. The present research was part of a larger study and was a pioneering systematic research conducted between September 23, 2018 and September 26, 2019 through an intervention mapping in southern Iran among professional hookah Smoking (HS) women. In order to know more about the HS among women, the behavioral and environmental correlates of HS/cessation and the determiners or fundamental causes of these factors were extracted via a systematic review and a local qualitative study. As the results revealed, the expected outcomes of the educational program concerning hookah cessation were achieved. As the realization of these outcomes requires certain changes to the behavioral and environmental dimensions, in the next step, the intervention goals of hookah cessation were identified. As the results showed, four behavioral factors involved in the unhealthy HS behavior were individual HS, Being in the Company of hookah smokers, Visiting tempting and contaminated places and Physical and mental dependence on HS (habit), In addition, four effective environmental factors were found at different interpersonal, organizational, community and policy levels. These include, respectively: recommendation and motivation for cessation by influential figures, care providers' poor inadequate knowledge and skill, Easy acceptance of hookah in society, and the lack of effective rules. Knowledge, awareness, social norms, Motivation to comply, skill and self-efficacy, habit, were among the determining factors of hookah cessation. Employment of a systematic is based on evidence and cooperation and is guided by a assessing the needs of the target population. Such a method can suggest more purposive and relevant intervention goals so as to cease HS. The aim would be to intervene in the purposes of the above-mentioned change, as compared in predetermined interventions, and increase the chances of HS cessation among women.
女性戒烟的干预目标是什么。本研究是一项更大规模研究的一部分，是2018年9月23日至2019年9月26日期间在伊朗南部对专业水烟吸食（HS）女性进行的一项开创性系统研究，采用了干预映射法。为了更深入了解女性中的水烟吸食情况，通过系统综述和当地定性研究提取了水烟吸食/戒烟的行为和环境相关因素以及这些因素的决定因素或根本原因。结果显示，关于水烟戒烟的教育项目取得了预期成果。由于这些成果的实现需要行为和环境层面的某些改变，下一步确定了水烟戒烟的干预目标。结果表明，不健康水烟吸食行为涉及的四个行为因素分别是个人水烟吸食、与水烟吸食者在一起、前往诱人且有污染的场所以及对水烟的身心依赖（习惯）。此外，在人际、组织、社区和政策等不同层面发现了四个有效的环境因素。这些因素分别包括：有影响力人物的戒烟建议和激励、护理人员知识和技能不足、社会对水烟的轻易接受以及缺乏有效规则。知识、意识、社会规范、遵守动机、技能和自我效能、习惯等是水烟戒烟的决定因素。采用基于证据和合作的系统方法，并以评估目标人群需求为导向。这样的方法可以提出更有针对性和相关性的干预目标，以实现水烟戒烟。目的是与预先确定的干预措施相比，干预上述变化的目的，并增加女性水烟戒烟的机会。
