Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2022 Mar 14;17(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s13722-022-00287-5.
The present study aimed to evaluate the results of a theory-based and systematic intervention on Hookah Tobacco Smoking (HTS) cessation in women local to Bandar Abbas, Iran.
In the present quasi-experimental research, we used an intervention mapping approach to develop, implement, and evaluate an education and training course as our intervention. Applying the results of a systematic review and two prior local qualitative studies, we identified six HTS determinants and set goals for the intervention. We selected 212 eligible women through systematic stratified random sampling and enrolled them in control and intervention groups. The course was presented to the intervention group in 17 sessions for four months. The educational material was developed to address the goals of the intervention, improve HTS determinants, and change the HTS behavior. We used a questionnaire to collect data on participants' characteristics, HTS behavior, and detailed determinants of HTS in the control and intervention groups at the beginning of the study, at the end of the intervention, and at three- and six- months follow-up. All work done in the study was guided by ethical considerations.
The results showed no significant difference between women enrolled in control and intervention groups regarding participants' characteristics and HTS behavior. At baseline, there were no differences between groups for six determinants of HTS (knowledge, attitude, social norms, self-efficacy, habit, and intention). At the end of the intervention and at three and six months follow-up, the women in the intervention group had significantly better results in all six domains, compared with those in the control group. The rate of HTS abstinence at the end of the intervention and at the three- and six-month follow-ups was 61.3%, 48.5%, and 45.5% for the intervention and 16%, 14.4%, and 10% for the control groups, respectively.
HTS is a complicated behavior, and its cessation is hard. However, Intervention Mapping (IM) can be a powerful integrative, purposeful, theory-based, and participation-based method to reduce or cease HTS. This method should be tested in other settings.
IRCT20190126042494N1, Registered 3.3.2019. https://en.irct.ir/trial/37129.
本研究旨在评估针对伊朗班达尔阿巴斯当地女性的基于理论和系统的水烟戒烟干预的结果。
在本准实验研究中，我们使用干预映射方法来开发、实施和评估教育和培训课程作为我们的干预措施。应用系统评价和两项先前的本地定性研究的结果，我们确定了水烟的六个决定因素，并为干预设定了目标。我们通过系统分层随机抽样选择了 212 名符合条件的女性，并将她们纳入对照组和干预组。该课程在四个月内分 17 节课呈现给干预组。教育材料的开发旨在实现干预目标、提高水烟决定因素和改变水烟行为。我们使用问卷在研究开始时、干预结束时以及在三个月和六个月随访时收集控制组和干预组参与者特征、水烟行为和水烟详细决定因素的数据。研究中的所有工作都遵循伦理考虑。
结果显示，参加对照组和干预组的女性在参与者特征和水烟行为方面没有显著差异。在基线时，两组在水烟的六个决定因素（知识、态度、社会规范、自我效能、习惯和意图）方面没有差异。在干预结束时以及在三个月和六个月随访时，干预组的女性在所有六个领域的结果都明显优于对照组。在干预结束时以及在三个月和六个月随访时，水烟戒除率分别为干预组 61.3%、48.5%和 45.5%，对照组 16%、14.4%和 10%。
水烟是一种复杂的行为，戒烟很困难。然而，干预映射（IM）可以是一种强大的综合、有目的、基于理论和基于参与的方法，以减少或停止水烟。该方法应在其他环境中进行测试。
IRCT20190126042494N1，注册于 2019 年 3 月 3 日。https://en.irct.ir/trial/37129。
