Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021;16(7):848-857. doi: 10.2174/1574888X16666210106141124.
Transmembrane integrin receptors represent a major component of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) communications that mediate cellular biological activities, including proliferation and differentiation. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), have rapidly emerged as promising therapies for various diseases. Dynamic links exist between extracellular and intracellular environments that profoundly influence the cellular activities via integrin receptors, such as cell morphology transformation and differentiation. Interpreting the roles of integrin receptors in the regulation of MSC differentiation may potentially lead to an amplified therapeutic effect. In this review, we summarize, for the first time, the potential mechanisms by which integrins promote MSC multilineage differentiation, including integrin downstream signaling cascades and the interactions between integrin and ion channels, the cytoskeleton, and nuclear mechanoresponses. Furthermore, we focus on the current state and future prospects of the application of integrins to promote cell differentiation.
跨膜整合素受体是细胞-细胞外基质（ECM）通讯的主要组成部分，介导细胞的生物活性，包括增殖和分化。干细胞，特别是间充质干细胞（MSC），已迅速成为各种疾病有前途的治疗方法。细胞外和细胞内环境之间存在着动态联系，通过整合素受体深刻地影响细胞的活动，例如细胞形态的转化和分化。解释整合素受体在调节 MSC 分化中的作用可能会潜在地增强治疗效果。在这篇综述中，我们首次总结了整合素促进 MSC 多能分化的潜在机制，包括整合素下游信号级联以及整合素与离子通道、细胞骨架和核机械响应之间的相互作用。此外，我们还关注了整合素促进细胞分化的应用现状和未来前景。
