Amsterdam Diabetes Centrum, Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam Diabetes Centrum, Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, the Netherlands.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 May;35(3):101483. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101483. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
The prevalence of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has greatly increased worldwide over the last century. Although the exact pathophysiology of both these conditions is distinct and still largely unknown, T1D as well as T2D, have been linked to distinct perturbations of the gut microbiome. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a potent, and if performed well, a safe method to modulate the composition of the gut microbiome and thus positively influences the course of these hyperglycaemic conditions in humans. In this review, we provide an overview of how FMT is commonly performed and summarise how this procedure may reduce the insulin-resistance driving T2D, and the underlying auto-immunity driving T1D. Insights derived from FMT studies in T1D and T2D may help identify beneficial microbiota and associated metabolites that may serve as future treatments for these conditions.
在过去的一个世纪中，1 型（T1D）和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）的患病率在全球范围内大幅上升。尽管这两种疾病的确切病理生理学截然不同，而且在很大程度上仍不清楚，但 T1D 和 T2D 都与肠道微生物组的明显改变有关。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）是一种有效的方法，如果操作得当，它是一种安全的方法，可以调节肠道微生物组的组成，从而对这些高血糖状态的病程产生积极影响。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 FMT 的常见操作方法，并总结了该程序如何降低 T2D 的胰岛素抵抗，以及 T1D 的潜在自身免疫。从 T1D 和 T2D 的 FMT 研究中获得的见解可能有助于确定有益的微生物群和相关代谢物，这些可能成为这些疾病的未来治疗方法。
