Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States of America.
Horizon Clinical Research, Houston, United States of America.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2020 Dec 31;62(4):645-654. doi: 10.3897/folmed.62.e50705.
Insomnia is a chronic condition that occurs a minimum of three times per week over a period of three or more subsequent months. There are multiple causes of insomnia, and even though it is considered a symptom, it can be associated with chronic illnesses. Chronic pain syndrome, which is defined as pain that persists for a period longer than 3 months, is one of several etiologies of insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia among chronic pain patients is greater in comparison with the general population (percentage or ratio). Chronic pain is common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spinal pain (such as chronic back pain) and fibromyalgia. The prevalence of in-somnia is also higher in cancer patients when compared to the general population. When the clinical history indicates a straightforward diagnosis of chronic pain syndrome, patients will complain of insomnia as part of their symptomatology. It is imperative to manage their underlying illness to alleviate their sleep disorder. Various medications may be used to relieve and even improve pain symptoms. Other than pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological alternatives such as yoga, meditation, acupuncture, and psychotherapy can help improve the quality of life of these patients. The purpose of this article is to review the diagnosis and management of insomnia in chronic pain syndrome and its impact on the quality of life.
失眠是一种慢性疾病，每周至少发生 3 次，持续 3 个月或更长时间。失眠有多种原因，尽管它被认为是一种症状，但它可能与慢性疾病有关。慢性疼痛综合征是失眠的几种病因之一，其定义为持续时间超过 3 个月的疼痛。与普通人群相比，慢性疼痛患者的失眠患病率更高（百分比或比值）。类风湿关节炎、脊柱疼痛（如慢性背痛）和纤维肌痛患者中慢性疼痛较为常见。与普通人群相比，癌症患者的失眠患病率也更高。当临床病史表明可以明确诊断为慢性疼痛综合征时，患者会抱怨失眠作为其症状的一部分。管理潜在疾病以减轻睡眠障碍至关重要。可以使用各种药物来缓解甚至改善疼痛症状。除了药物干预外，瑜伽、冥想、针灸和心理治疗等非药物替代方法也有助于改善这些患者的生活质量。本文旨在回顾慢性疼痛综合征中失眠的诊断和管理及其对生活质量的影响。
