University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
University of Stirling, Scotland.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jun;37(11-12):NP9811-NP9838. doi: 10.1177/0886260520980392. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
Domestic abuse is a pernicious societal issue that has both short- and long-term consequences for those who are victimized. Research points to motherhood being linked to women's victimization, with pregnancy being a particular point of risk. Across UK jurisdictions, new legislation aims to extend the criminalization of domestic abuse to include coercive control. Less clear is the relationship between mothers' victimization of different "types" of abuse and other factors such as age, socioeconomic status, and level of education. The article makes an original contribution to knowledge by addressing these limitations of the existing literature. Using nationally representative data from a Scottish longitudinal survey ( = 3,633) into children's development this article investigates the social stratification of mothers' exposure to different types of abuse, including coercive control, physical abuse, and threats. Overall, 14% of mothers report experiencing any type of domestic abuse since the birth of the study child (age 6), of which 7% experienced physical abuse. Compared to mothers in the highest income households, mothers in the lowest income quintile were far more likely to experience any form of abuse (Logistic Regression, = 3.55), more likely to have experienced more types of abuse and to have experienced these more often ( = 5.54). Age had a protective effect, with mothers aged 20 or younger at most risk of abuse ( = 2.60 compared to mothers aged 40+). Interaction effects between age and income suggested that an intersectional lens may help explain the cumulative layers of difficulty which young mothers on low incomes may find themselves in when it comes to abusive partners. The pattern of social stratification remained the same when comparing different types of abuse. Mothers of boys were more likely to experience abuse, and to experience more types of abuse, more often. We reflect on how these findings could inform existing policy interventions.
家庭暴力是一个有害的社会问题，对受害者造成短期和长期的后果。研究表明，母亲身份与女性受害有关，怀孕是一个特别危险的时期。在英国的各个司法管辖区，新的立法旨在将家庭暴力的刑事化范围扩大到包括强制性控制。不太清楚的是母亲遭受不同类型的虐待与其他因素（如年龄、社会经济地位和教育程度）之间的关系。本文通过解决现有文献的这些局限性，对知识做出了原创性贡献。利用一项关于儿童发展的苏格兰纵向调查的全国代表性数据（=3633），本文调查了母亲遭受不同类型虐待（包括强制性控制、身体虐待和威胁）的社会分层情况。总体而言，14%的母亲报告在研究孩子（6 岁）出生后曾遭受过任何形式的家庭暴力，其中 7%的母亲曾遭受过身体虐待。与收入最高的家庭的母亲相比，收入最低的五分之一的母亲更有可能经历任何形式的虐待（逻辑回归，=3.55），更有可能经历更多类型的虐待，而且更频繁（=5.54）。年龄具有保护作用，年龄在 20 岁或以下的母亲最容易受到虐待（=2.60，而年龄在 40 岁或以上的母亲）。年龄和收入之间的交互作用表明，交叉视角可能有助于解释年轻低收入母亲在遇到虐待伴侣时可能面临的累积困难。当比较不同类型的虐待时，社会分层的模式保持不变。男孩的母亲更有可能遭受虐待，而且更频繁地遭受更多类型的虐待。我们反思了这些发现如何为现有政策干预提供信息。
