Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), Murfreesboro (Dr Lee); and Vanderbilt University School of Nursing (VUSN), Nashville, Tennessee (Drs Maxwell and Miller).
J Trauma Nurs. 2021;28(1):10-20. doi: 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000552.
Older adults played the role of frail and prefrail geriatric trauma patients in a frailty-focused communication workshop for nurses. Although subjects played a role (acting) as simulated participants (SPs) for simulation, workshop content and role-play also applied to them personally. We aimed to explore the effect that learning frailty-focused content, scripts, and portrayal of prefrail and frail older adults has on older adult SPs.
Qualitative focus group. Participants included older adults older than 70 years (N = 6).
Focus group questions pertained to (1) the SP experience, (2) thoughts and emotions throughout the SP experience, and (3) applicability of workshop content and SP experience to personal life. The focus group lasted 90 min, was digitally recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Authors independently coded transcripts to identify categories and supporting quotations. Categories and subcategories were condensed and modified through iterative discussions. Descriptive content analysis was utilized for data analysis.
Six categories and 2 subcategories emerged, including (1) inevitability of aging: not playing a role (sub: inevitability of death), (2) shifting perceptions: how aging impacts thought and actions, (3) time as a factor: getting information sooner, (4) changing behavior/safety: mental recalibration, (5) attitude as a determining factor (sub: loss of independence), and (6) sharing information with others.
The study supports the use of frailty-focused communication with older adults to prompt contemplation of aging and frailty and eventual decline/death. Providing information earlier in the aging trajectory enables time for behavior change that can prevent and delay frailty and mitigate untoward outcomes (falls, hospitalizations).
老年人在以虚弱为重点的护士沟通工作坊中扮演脆弱和虚弱前期老年创伤患者的角色。虽然研究对象在模拟中扮演了角色（即模拟参与者（SP）），但工作坊的内容和角色扮演也适用于他们个人。我们旨在探讨学习以虚弱为重点的内容、脚本以及对虚弱前期和虚弱老年人的描绘对老年 SP 的影响。
定性焦点小组。参与者包括 70 岁以上的老年人（N=6）。
焦点小组问题涉及（1）SP 体验，（2）SP 体验过程中的想法和情绪，以及（3）工作坊内容和 SP 体验对个人生活的适用性。焦点小组持续了 90 分钟，进行了数字录音，并逐字转录。作者独立对转录本进行编码，以识别类别和支持引文。通过迭代讨论，对类别和子类别进行了浓缩和修改。描述性内容分析用于数据分析。
出现了六个类别和两个子类别，包括（1）衰老的必然性：不扮演角色（子类别：死亡的必然性），（2）观念转变：衰老如何影响思维和行动，（3）时间是一个因素：更早地获取信息，（4）改变行为/安全：心理调整，（5）态度是一个决定因素（子类别：独立性丧失），以及（6）与他人分享信息。
该研究支持在老年人中使用以虚弱为重点的沟通方式，以促使他们思考衰老和虚弱以及最终的衰退/死亡。在衰老轨迹的早期提供信息，为行为改变提供了时间，这可以预防和延缓虚弱并减轻不良后果（跌倒、住院）。
