García María-Luz, Muelas Raquel, Argente María-José, Peiró Rosa
Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Ctra de Beniel km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain.
Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, P.O. Box 22012, 46071 Valencia, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jan 6;11(1):95. doi: 10.3390/ani11010095.
This study evaluated the relationship between prenatal characteristics and body condition and endocrine profile. A total of 25 non-lactating multiparous females were used. Body condition, measured as body weight and perirenal fat thickness, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), leptin, progesterone and 17β-estradiol were recorded at mating and 12 d of gestation. Ovulation rate, number of foetuses, ovary and foetal weight, length and weight of uterine horn, available space per foetus and maternal and foetal placental morphometry were recorded at 12 d of gestation. Ovulation rate showed a positive linear relationship with number of foetuses, ovary weight and NEFA. A negative linear relationship between ovulation rate and perirenal fat thickness and leptin was obtained. Ovulation rate was maximum when body weight and 17β-estradiol were 4.4 kg and 22.7 pg/mL, respectively. Foetal weight showed a positive relationship with perirenal fat thickness and a negative relationship with leptin. An increase in progesterone and NEFA concentration was related to a positive linear increase in number of foetuses and in uterine horn weight. Space available per foetus was affected both by the number of vessels that reach the implantation site and by position of the foetus in the uterine horn. In conclusion, body condition during mating and early gestation should be maintained within an optimal range to ensure the best prenatal characteristics. While 17β-estradiol, NEFA and leptin affected the ovulation rate, progesterone and NEFA affected foetal development. The number of vessels that reach the implantation site determines early foetal survival.
本研究评估了产前特征与身体状况及内分泌特征之间的关系。共使用了25只非泌乳经产雌性动物。在交配时和妊娠12天时记录身体状况，以体重和肾周脂肪厚度、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）、瘦素、孕酮和17β-雌二醇来衡量。在妊娠12天时记录排卵率、胎儿数量、卵巢和胎儿重量、子宫角的长度和重量、每个胎儿的可用空间以及母体和胎儿胎盘形态学指标。排卵率与胎儿数量、卵巢重量和NEFA呈正线性关系。排卵率与肾周脂肪厚度和瘦素呈负线性关系。当体重和17β-雌二醇分别为4.4千克和22.7皮克/毫升时，排卵率最高。胎儿体重与肾周脂肪厚度呈正相关，与瘦素呈负相关。孕酮和NEFA浓度的增加与胎儿数量和子宫角重量的正线性增加有关。每个胎儿的可用空间受到达着床部位的血管数量和胎儿在子宫角中的位置影响。总之，交配和妊娠早期的身体状况应维持在最佳范围内，以确保最佳的产前特征。虽然17β-雌二醇、NEFA和瘦素影响排卵率，但孕酮和NEFA影响胎儿发育。到达着床部位的血管数量决定了早期胎儿的存活。
