Silveira Stephanie L, Riemann-Lorenz Karin, Heesen Christoph, Motl Robert W
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States.
Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Behav Med. 2021 Oct;28(5):561-574. doi: 10.1007/s12529-020-09946-w. Epub 2021 Jan 8.
Physical activity is an evidence-based, safe second-line approach for improved multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms and disease progression. This study examined the contributions of Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) factors for understanding engagement in current and long-term physical activity among persons with MS in the United States (U.S.).
Adults with MS in the U.S. (N = 854) completed an online survey that included questions regarding demographic and clinical characteristics, COM-B constructs, Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), and Physical Activity Staging Questionnaire (PASQ). Participants were classified into groups based on the GLTEQ regarding current physical activity behavior and PASQ for long-term physical activity behavior. MANOVA and discriminant function analysis (DFA) identified COM-B constructs that differentiated physical activity groups.
MANOVA analyses indicated that all COM-B constructs were significantly different for both GLTEQ current physical activity groups (Wilks's λ = .5, F(44, 1432) = 14.8) and PASQ long-term physical activity groups (Wilks's λ = .4, F(44, 1464) = 16.9) status except Information Provision. DFA analysis regarding GLTEQ identified a function including exclusively Capability and Motivation sources of behavior that differentiated current physical activity groups such as intention and self-efficacy. DFA for PASQ identified a different function of the Capability and Motivation sources of behavior that differentiated long-term physical activity groups; the primary differentiating variables were action control and intention.
Our results identify internal factors as the primary COM-B predictors of current and long-term physical activity among adults with MS in the U.S., and health promotion interventions may focus on assessing individual competencies and behavioral regulation for changing physical activity in MS.
体育活动是一种基于证据的安全二线方法，可改善多发性硬化症（MS）症状和疾病进展。本研究探讨了能力-机会-动机-行为（COM-B）因素对理解美国MS患者当前和长期体育活动参与情况的作用。
美国的成年MS患者（N = 854）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括有关人口统计学和临床特征、COM-B结构、戈丁休闲时间运动问卷（GLTEQ）和体育活动阶段问卷（PASQ）的问题。参与者根据GLTEQ的当前体育活动行为和PASQ的长期体育活动行为被分为不同组。多变量方差分析（MANOVA）和判别函数分析（DFA）确定了区分体育活动组的COM-B结构。
MANOVA分析表明，除信息提供外，所有COM-B结构在GLTEQ当前体育活动组（威尔克斯lambda = 0.5，F(44, 1432) = 14.8）和PASQ长期体育活动组（威尔克斯lambda = 0.4，F(44, 1464) = 16.9）状态下均存在显著差异。关于GLTEQ的DFA分析确定了一个仅包括行为的能力和动机来源的函数，该函数区分了当前体育活动组，如意图和自我效能。PASQ的DFA确定了行为的能力和动机来源的不同函数，该函数区分了长期体育活动组；主要的区分变量是行动控制和意图。
我们的结果表明，内部因素是美国成年MS患者当前和长期体育活动的主要COM-B预测因素，健康促进干预措施可能侧重于评估个体能力和行为调节，以改变MS患者的体育活动。
