Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea.
Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea.
Eur J Protistol. 2021 Feb;77:125765. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125765. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
Calmodulin (CaM) is one of the major Ca-binding proteins in the cells, and it plays multiple roles in several Ca signaling pathways and regulating the activities of other proteins. In the present study, we characterized CaM genes from the marine dinoflagellates Amphidinium carterae, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Prorocentrum micans, and P. minimum, and examined their expression patterns upon the addition and chelation of calcium. Their cDNAs had same ORF length (450 bp) and encoded the same protein, but with few nucleotide differences in the ORF and different 3'- and 5' untranslated regions (UTRs). The four CaM proteins consist of four EF-hand Ca-binding motifs, two N-terminal domains and two C-terminal domains, and they were highly conserved within eukaryotes. The CaM gene expressions in the tested species increased by calcium treatments; however, they were significantly down-regulated by the calcium-chelator EGTA. The CaM genes of the test species were inducible and regulated by different calcium doses, suggesting their major role in calcium regulation in dinoflagellates.
钙调蛋白（CaM）是细胞中主要的 Ca2+结合蛋白之一，在多条 Ca2+信号通路和调节其他蛋白活性中发挥多种作用。本研究从海洋甲藻夜光藻、多甲藻、米氏凯伦藻和微小原甲藻中鉴定了 CaM 基因，并检测了钙添加和螯合后它们的表达模式。它们的 cDNA 具有相同的 ORF 长度（450bp），并编码相同的蛋白质，但 ORF 中的核苷酸差异较小，3'和 5'非翻译区（UTR）不同。这四种 CaM 蛋白由四个 EF 手 Ca2+结合基序、两个 N 端结构域和两个 C 端结构域组成，在真核生物中高度保守。受测试物种的 CaM 基因表达在钙处理后增加，但被钙螯合剂 EGTA 显著下调。测试物种的 CaM 基因可诱导且受不同钙剂量调节，表明其在甲藻的钙调节中起主要作用。
