National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), 42 Hwankyeong-Ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), 42 Hwankyeong-Ro, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 1;767:144250. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144250. Epub 2020 Dec 24.
The South Korean government has reinforced emission regulations for newly manufactured vehicles to reduce air pollution from automobiles. The government has applied different emission regulations depending on the fuel, following the regulations set for gasoline vehicles in California, USA, and those set for diesel vehicles in the European Union (EU). In this study, the on-road NOx emissions of 109 light-duty vehicles in South Korea were measured on roads in Seoul and the surrounding metropolitan area using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). The results were then analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the emission regulations introduced in Korea for NOx reduction. The average on-road NOx emissions for the Euro 5 and Euro 6b diesel vehicles were approximately five times higher than the laboratory emission limits set by the EU regulation. The NOx emissions also showed significant variation depending on the driving parameters, such as the driving dynamics and the ambient temperature. From the Euro 6d-TEMP regulation in which the real driving emissions-light duty vehicles (RDE-LDV) regulatory package was implemented, the average on-road NOx emissions from the diesel vehicles were controlled within the laboratory emission limits, but were still higher than those of the gasoline vehicles. Despite the absence of the RDE-LDV regulations, the average on-road NOx emissions of the gasoline vehicles that had ultra-low emission vehicle (ULEV) and super ultra-low emission vehicle (SULEV) standard certifications were controlled within the laboratory emission limits set by the FTP-75, regardless of the various driving parameters. The results of this study show that it is necessary to include a wide range of driving conditions in emission certification test procedures, such as RDE-LDV, and enhance the regulatory measures that enable manufacturers to maintain the effectiveness of emission control systems.
韩国政府加强了新车的排放标准，以减少汽车造成的空气污染。政府根据美国加利福尼亚州的汽油车规定和欧盟的柴油车规定，采用了不同的排放标准。在这项研究中，使用便携式排放测量系统（PEMS）在首尔及周边大都市区的道路上测量了 109 辆轻型车辆的道路行驶氮氧化物（NOx）排放。然后分析结果以评估韩国为减少 NOx 而引入的排放法规的有效性。Euro 5 和 Euro 6b 柴油车的道路行驶 NOx 排放量平均比欧盟法规规定的实验室排放限值高出约五倍。NOx 排放量还根据驾驶参数（如驾驶动态和环境温度）而有显著差异。从实施了实际行驶排放-轻型车（RDE-LDV）法规包的 Euro 6d-TEMP 法规来看，柴油车的道路行驶平均 NOx 排放量控制在实验室排放限值内，但仍高于汽油车。尽管没有 RDE-LDV 法规，但具有超低排放车辆（ULEV）和超级超低排放车辆（SULEV）标准认证的汽油车的道路行驶平均 NOx 排放量仍控制在 FTP-75 规定的实验室排放限值内，无论各种驾驶参数如何。本研究结果表明，有必要在排放认证测试程序中纳入 RDE-LDV 等广泛的驾驶条件，并加强监管措施，使制造商能够保持排放控制系统的有效性。
