Gavala-González Juan, Martins Bruno, Ponseti Francisco Javier, Garcia-Mas Alexandre
Physical Education and Sports Department, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Research Group of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 23;11:583409. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.583409. eCollection 2020.
On many occasions, the maximum result of a team does not equate to the total maximum individual effort of each athlete (social loafing). Athletes often combine their sports life with an academic one (Dual Career), prioritizing one over the over in a difficult balancing act. The aim of this research is to examine the existence of social loafing in a group of novice university rowers and the differences that exist according to sex, academic performance, and the kind of sport previously practiced (individual or team). Therefore, a study was conducted from a probabilistic perspective using the Bayesian Network analysis methodology. The results confirm the existence of the Ringelmann effect or social loafing. The Bayesian analysis let us confirm that having a good student who practices a team sport, even in the individual rowing concept, increases the probability of obtaining greater performance (higher number of strokes and more power in each one). Therefore, when rowing partnerships are formed, the occurrence probability chain is quickly simplified, along with values of the top and bottom variables. Finally, the instantiations undertaken on the bottom variable that appears to be common in the two BNs, the watt input, enhance the results obtained. In short, rowers who have a better academic record are more involved in team testing, so this characteristic is defining when it comes to achieving better performance in team testing.
在很多情况下，团队的最大成果并不等同于每个运动员个人最大努力的总和（社会惰化）。运动员常常将他们的运动生涯与学业结合起来（双重职业），在艰难的平衡行为中优先考虑其中一个。本研究的目的是考察一群新手大学赛艇运动员中社会惰化的存在情况，以及根据性别、学业成绩和先前从事的运动类型（个人或团队）所存在的差异。因此，从概率角度采用贝叶斯网络分析方法进行了一项研究。结果证实了林格尔曼效应或社会惰化的存在。贝叶斯分析让我们确认，有一个从事团队运动的好学生，即使在个人赛艇概念中，也会增加获得更好成绩（更高的划桨次数和每次划桨更大的力量）的概率。因此，当形成赛艇搭档关系时，发生概率链会迅速简化，同时顶部和底部变量的值也会简化。最后，对两个贝叶斯网络中似乎共有的底部变量——瓦特输入进行实例化，增强了所得结果。简而言之，学业成绩更好的赛艇运动员在团队测试中参与度更高，所以在团队测试中取得更好成绩时，这一特征具有决定性作用。
