Reinberg A, Motohashi Y, Bourdeleau P, Andlauer P, Lévi F, Bicakova-Rocher A
CNRS UA581 Chronobiologie Chronopharmacologie et RCP 812, Systèmes Circadiens Humains, Paris, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1988;57(1):15-25. doi: 10.1007/BF00691232.
48 male shift workers in various industries volunteered to document circadian rhythms in sleeping and working, oral temperature, grip strength of both hands, peak expiratory flow and heart rate. All physiological variables were self-measured 4 to 5 times a day for 2 to 4 weeks. Individual time series were analyzed according to several statistical methods (power spectrum, cosinor, chi squares, ANOVA, correlation, etc.) in order to estimate rhythm parameters such as circadian period (tau) and amplitude (A), and to evaluate subgroup differences with regard to tolerance to shift work, age, duration of shift work, speed of rotation and type of industry. The present study confirms for oral temperature and extends to other variables (grip strength of both hands, heart rate) that intolerance to shift work is frequently associated with both internal desynchronization and small circadian amplitude. The internal desynchronization among several circadian rhythms supports the hypothesis that these latter are driven by several oscillators. Many differences were observed between circadian rhythms in right and left hand grip strength: circadian tau in oral temperature was correlated with that in the grip strength of the dominant hand but not with that of the other hand; changes in tau s of the non-dominant hand were age-related but did not correlate with temperature tau; only the circadian A of the non-dominant hand was associated with a desynchronization. Thus, circadian rhythms in oral temperature and dominant hand grip strength may be driven by the same oscillator while that of the non-dominant hand may be governed by a different one. Internal desynchronization between both hand grip rhythms as well as desynchronization of performance rhythms reported by others provide indirect evidence that circadian oscillator(s) may be located in the human cerebral cortex.
来自不同行业的48名男性轮班工人自愿记录睡眠和工作中的昼夜节律、口腔温度、双手握力、呼气峰值流速和心率。所有生理变量在2至4周内每天自行测量4至5次。根据几种统计方法（功率谱、余弦分析法、卡方检验、方差分析、相关性分析等）对个体时间序列进行分析，以估计昼夜节律参数，如昼夜周期（tau）和振幅（A），并评估在轮班工作耐受性、年龄、轮班工作时长、轮换速度和行业类型方面的亚组差异。本研究证实了口腔温度的情况，并将其扩展到其他变量（双手握力、心率），即对轮班工作不耐受通常与内部不同步和较小的昼夜振幅有关。几种昼夜节律之间的内部不同步支持了以下假设：这些节律是由多个振荡器驱动的。左右手握力的昼夜节律之间观察到许多差异：口腔温度的昼夜tau与优势手握力的昼夜tau相关，但与另一只手的无关；非优势手的tau变化与年龄有关，但与温度tau不相关；只有非优势手的昼夜A与不同步有关。因此，口腔温度和优势手握力的昼夜节律可能由同一个振荡器驱动，而非优势手的昼夜节律可能由不同的振荡器控制。双手握力节律之间的内部不同步以及其他人报告的工作节律不同步提供了间接证据，表明昼夜振荡器可能位于人类大脑皮层。
