Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Curr Med Sci. 2020 Dec;40(6):1099-1106. doi: 10.1007/s11596-020-2292-z. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
The effects of low ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been clarified against atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence indicated that plant sterols (PS) have a significant cholesterol-lowering effect. This study explored the effects of PS combined with n-6/n-3 (2:1) PUFA on atherosclerosis and investigated the possible mechanism. In ApoE mice, the milk fat in high fat diets was replaced with n-6/n-3 (2:1) PUFA alone or supplemented with 6% PS for 16 weeks. Results demonstrated that PS combined with PUFA exerted commentary and synergistic effects on ameliorating atherosclerosis, improving lipid metabolism and lipid deposition in liver, and alleviating inflammatory response. These changes were accompanied with decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-C and increased fecal cholesterol efflux, as well as the lower inflammatory cytokine CRP, IL-6, TNF-α. It is suggested that the underlying mechanism of PS combined with n-6/n-3 (2:1) PUFA promoting the fecal cholesterol efflux may be mediated by liver X receptor α/ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 pathway.
已有研究阐明了 n-6/n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）比值降低对动脉粥样硬化的影响。越来越多的证据表明，植物固醇（PS）具有显著的降胆固醇作用。本研究探讨了 PS 与 n-6/n-3（2:1）PUFA 联合应用对动脉粥样硬化的影响，并探讨了可能的机制。在 ApoE 小鼠中，用 n-6/n-3（2:1）PUFA 替代高脂肪饮食中的乳脂，或在高脂肪饮食中补充 6%的 PS 持续 16 周。结果表明，PS 与 PUFA 联合应用对改善动脉粥样硬化、改善肝脏的脂质代谢和脂质沉积以及减轻炎症反应具有协同作用。这些变化伴随着血清 TC、TG、LDL-C 的降低和粪便胆固醇排泄的增加，以及炎症细胞因子 CRP、IL-6、TNF-α的降低。提示 PS 与 n-6/n-3（2:1）PUFA 联合促进粪便胆固醇排泄的潜在机制可能是通过肝 X 受体 α/三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运蛋白 A1 途径介导的。
