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癌症患者因出现 ≥2 级免疫相关不良反应而停止使用免疫检查点抑制剂后再次使用的安全性。

Safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge after discontinuation for grade ≥2 immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer.

机构信息

Pharmacologie clinique et Vigilances, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.

Pharmacie à usage intérieur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.

出版信息

J Immunother Cancer. 2020 Dec;8(2). doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001622.

DOI:10.1136/jitc-2020-001622
PMID:33428586
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7768965/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Safety of rechallenge of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) after grade ≥2 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) leading to ICI discontinuation remains unclear.

METHODS

All adverse drug reactions involving at least one ICI reported up to December 31, 2019 were extracted from the French pharmacovigilance database. Patients were included if they experienced at least one grade ≥2 irAE resulting in ICI discontinuation, with subsequent ICI rechallenge. The primary outcome was the recurrence of at least one grade ≥2 irAE in these patients after ICI rechallenge.

RESULTS

We included 180 patients: 61.1% were men (median age of 66 years), 43.9% had melanoma and 78.9% were receiving anti-programmed cell death 1. First ICI discontinuation was related to 191 irAEs. After ICI rechallenge, 38.9% of the patients experienced at least one grade ≥2 irAE. Among them, 70.0% experienced the same irAE, 25.7% a distinct irAE, and 4.3% both the same and a distinct irAE. Lower recurrence rates of irAEs were associated with rechallenge with the same ICI treatment (p=0.02) or first endocrine irAEs (p=0.003). Gastrointestinal irAEs were more likely to recur (p=0.007). The median duration from ICI discontinuation to rechallenge and the severity of the initial irAE did not predict recurrent irAEs after ICI rechallenge (p=0.53 and p=0.40, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, 61.1% of the patients who discontinued ICI treatment for grade ≥2 irAEs experienced no recurrent grade ≥2 irAEs after ICI rechallenge. Although ICI rechallenge appears to be safe under close monitoring, it should always be discussed balancing usefulness of rechallenge, patient comorbidities and risk of recurrence of first irAE(s). Due to inherent bias associated with pharmacovigilance studies, further prospective studies are needed to assess risk factors that may influence patient outcomes after ICI rechallenge.

摘要

背景

免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)停药后因≥2 级免疫相关不良反应(irAE)而再次使用的安全性仍不清楚。

方法

从法国药物警戒数据库中提取截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日报告的至少涉及一种 ICI 的所有药物不良反应。如果患者经历了至少一次导致 ICI 停药的≥2 级 irAE,并随后进行了 ICI 再次使用,则将其纳入研究。主要结局是这些患者在 ICI 再次使用后至少有一次≥2 级 irAE 的复发。

结果

我们纳入了 180 名患者:61.1%为男性(中位年龄为 66 岁),43.9%患有黑色素瘤,78.9%接受抗程序性细胞死亡 1 治疗。首次 ICI 停药与 191 次 irAE 相关。ICI 再次使用后,38.9%的患者至少有一次≥2 级 irAE。其中,70.0%的患者复发了相同的 irAE,25.7%的患者复发了不同的 irAE,4.3%的患者复发了相同和不同的 irAE。再次使用相同的 ICI 治疗(p=0.02)或首次内分泌 irAE(p=0.003)与 irAE 复发率较低相关。胃肠道 irAE 更有可能复发(p=0.007)。ICI 停药至再次使用的时间中位数和初始 irAE 的严重程度均不能预测 ICI 再次使用后的 irAE 复发(p=0.53 和 p=0.40)。

结论

在这项研究中,因≥2 级 irAE 而停止 ICI 治疗的患者中,61.1%在 ICI 再次使用后没有再次出现≥2 级 irAE。尽管在密切监测下 ICI 再次使用似乎是安全的,但在权衡再次使用的益处、患者合并症和首次 irAE 复发的风险时,应始终进行讨论。由于药物警戒研究中存在固有偏见,需要进一步的前瞻性研究来评估可能影响 ICI 再次使用后患者结局的危险因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b033/7768965/eb6203bf01dd/jitc-2020-001622f02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b033/7768965/11f5c1180f85/jitc-2020-001622f01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b033/7768965/eb6203bf01dd/jitc-2020-001622f02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b033/7768965/11f5c1180f85/jitc-2020-001622f01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b033/7768965/eb6203bf01dd/jitc-2020-001622f02.jpg

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