Tran Cong Minh, Do Trinh Ngoc, Kim Ki-Tae
Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
Toxics. 2021 Jan 7;9(1):5. doi: 10.3390/toxics9010005.
The effects and underlying mechanisms of phthalates on neurotoxicity remain unclear as compared with the potentials of these substances as endocrine disruptors. The locomotor activities of zebrafish embryos were investigated upon exposure to six phthalates: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP). Moreover, changes in fluorescence intensity in the green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic (Tg) lines , , and were measured after exposure to six phthalates, and changes in the expression profiles of genes involved in the cholinergic () and dopaminergic systems (, , and ) were assessed. Exposure to BBzP, DEHP, and DiNP affected larval behaviors, whereas exposure to DMP, DEP, and DnOP revealed no alterations. A reduced expression of was observed upon exposure to BBzP, DEHP, and DiNP. The expression of and was reduced only in response to BBzP and DiNP, respectively. Further, exposure to DiNP upregulated and . The upregulation of and downregulation of was observed in DEHP-exposed groups. Exposure to BBzP suppressed expression. These observations indicate that exposure to phthalates impaired embryogenesis of the neurological system and neurochemicals in zebrafish embryos, although the detailed mechanisms varied among the individual phthalates. Further mechanistic studies are needed to better understand the causality between phthalate exposure and neurotoxicity.
与邻苯二甲酸盐作为内分泌干扰物的潜在影响相比，其对神经毒性的影响及潜在机制仍不清楚。研究了斑马鱼胚胎暴露于六种邻苯二甲酸盐后的运动活性，这六种邻苯二甲酸盐分别是：邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）、邻苯二甲酸苄基丁酯（BBzP）、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（DnOP）和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯（DiNP）。此外，在暴露于六种邻苯二甲酸盐后，测量了绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）转基因品系、和中的荧光强度变化，并评估了参与胆碱能（）和多巴胺能系统（、和）的基因表达谱的变化。暴露于BBzP、DEHP和DiNP会影响幼虫行为，而暴露于DMP、DEP和DnOP则未发现有变化。暴露于BBzP、DEHP和DiNP后观察到表达降低。和的表达分别仅在暴露于BBzP和DiNP时降低。此外，暴露于DiNP会上调和。在暴露于DEHP的组中观察到上调和下调。暴露于BBzP会抑制表达。这些观察结果表明，暴露于邻苯二甲酸盐会损害斑马鱼胚胎的神经系统胚胎发育和神经化学物质，尽管具体机制在不同的邻苯二甲酸盐之间有所不同。需要进一步的机制研究来更好地理解邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与神经毒性之间的因果关系。
