Zhu Wandi, Dong Chunhong, Wei Lai, Wang Bao-Zhong
Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jan 7;13(1):68. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010068.
Influenza is one of the major threats to public health. Current influenza vaccines cannot provide effective protection against drifted or shifted influenza strains. Researchers have considered two important strategies to develop novel influenza vaccines with improved immunogenicity and broader protective efficacy. One is applying fewer variable viral antigens, such as the haemagglutinin stalk domain. The other is including adjuvants in vaccine formulations. Adjuvants are promising and helpful boosters to promote more rapid and stronger immune responses with a dose-sparing effect. However, few adjuvants are currently licensed for human influenza vaccines, although many potential candidates are in different trials. While many advantages have been observed using adjuvants in influenza vaccine formulations, an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying viral infection and vaccination-induced immune responses will help to develop new adjuvant candidates. In this review, we summarize the works related to adjuvants in influenza vaccine research that have been used in our studies and other laboratories. The review will provide perspectives for the utilization of adjuvants in developing next-generation and universal influenza vaccines.
流感是对公众健康的主要威胁之一。目前的流感疫苗无法对发生抗原漂移或转变的流感毒株提供有效保护。研究人员已考虑两种重要策略来开发具有更高免疫原性和更广泛保护效力的新型流感疫苗。一种是应用较少的可变病毒抗原，如血凝素茎区。另一种是在疫苗配方中加入佐剂。佐剂是很有前景且有帮助的增强剂，可促进更快速、更强的免疫反应，并具有剂量节省效应。然而，目前很少有佐剂被批准用于人类流感疫苗，尽管许多潜在候选佐剂正处于不同的试验阶段。虽然在流感疫苗配方中使用佐剂已观察到许多优点，但更好地理解病毒感染和疫苗接种诱导的免疫反应的潜在机制将有助于开发新的佐剂候选物。在本综述中，我们总结了在我们的研究及其他实验室中流感疫苗研究中与佐剂相关的工作。该综述将为佐剂在开发下一代通用流感疫苗中的应用提供视角。
