Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2021 Feb;21(2):89-103. doi: 10.1038/s41568-020-00321-1. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Aneuploidy has been recognized as a hallmark of tumorigenesis for more than 100 years, but the connection between chromosomal errors and malignant growth has remained obscure. New evidence emerging from both basic and clinical research has illuminated a complicated relationship: despite its frequency in human tumours, aneuploidy is not a universal driver of cancer development and instead can exert substantial tumour-suppressive effects. The specific consequences of aneuploidy are highly context dependent and are influenced by a cell's genetic and environmental milieu. In this Review, we discuss the diverse facets of cancer biology that are shaped by aneuploidy, including metastasis, drug resistance and immune recognition, and we highlight aneuploidy's distinct roles as both a tumour promoter and an anticancer vulnerability.
非整倍体性作为肿瘤发生的标志已经被认识超过 100 年了，但染色体错误与恶性生长之间的联系仍然不清楚。基础研究和临床研究都提供了新的证据，阐明了一种复杂的关系：尽管非整倍体在人类肿瘤中很常见，但它不是癌症发展的普遍驱动因素，反而可以发挥实质性的肿瘤抑制作用。非整倍体的具体后果高度依赖于上下文，并受细胞的遗传和环境的影响。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非整倍体塑造的癌症生物学的不同方面，包括转移、耐药性和免疫识别，并强调了非整倍体作为肿瘤促进剂和抗癌脆弱性的独特作用。
