State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Arming on the Loess Plateau, and College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Arming on the Loess Plateau, and College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Water Use Efficiency in Dryland Area, Institute of Dryland Farming, Gansu Agriculture Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Mar 1;272:116418. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116418. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
Plastic residues have become a serious environmental problem in areas where agricultural plastic film are used intensively. Although numerous of studies have been done to assess its impacts on soil quality and crop yields, the understanding of meso-plastic particles effects on plant is still limited. In this study, low density polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable plastic (Bio) mulch film were selected to study the effects of meso-plastic debris on soybean germination and plant growth with the accumulation levels of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% in soil (w: w, size ranging 0.5-2 cm) by a pot experiment under field condition. Results showed that the germination viability of soybean seeds was reduced to 82.39%, 39.44% and 26.06% in the treatments with 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% added plastic debris compared to the control (CK), respectively, suggesting that plastic residues in soil inhibit the viability of soybean seed germination. The plastic debris had a significant negative effect on plant height and culm diameter during the entire growth stage of soybean. Similarly, the leaf area at harvest was reduced by 1.97%, 6.86% and 11.53% compared to the CK in the treatments with 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% plastic debris addition, respectively. In addition, the total plant biomass under plastic addition was reduced in both the flowering and harvesting stages, compared to the CK. For the different type of plastic residues, plant height, leaf area and root/shoot ratio at group PE were significantly lower than those of groups treated by Bio. In conclusion, PE debris had a greater negative effects on plant height, culm diameter, leaf area and root/shoot ratio while Bio debris mainly showed the adverse effects on germination viability and root biomass especially at the flowering stage. Therefore, further research is required to elaborate plastic particles' effects on different stages of crops and soil quality.
塑料残片在农业塑料薄膜集中使用的地区已成为严重的环境问题。尽管已经有大量研究评估了其对土壤质量和作物产量的影响，但对中值塑料颗粒对植物影响的理解仍然有限。在这项研究中，选择低密度聚乙烯（PE）和生物降解塑料（Bio）覆盖膜，通过田间条件下的盆栽实验，以 0%、0.1%、0.5%和 1%（w: w，大小为 0.5-2 cm）的土壤中中值塑料碎片的积累水平来研究其对大豆发芽和植物生长的影响。结果表明，与对照（CK）相比，添加 0.1%、0.5%和 1%塑料碎片的处理中，大豆种子的发芽活力分别降低到 82.39%、39.44%和 26.06%，表明土壤中的塑料残片抑制了大豆种子的活力发芽。在大豆整个生长阶段，塑料碎片对株高和茎直径都有显著的负面影响。同样，与 CK 相比，添加 0.1%、0.5%和 1%塑料碎片的处理中，收获时的叶面积分别减少了 1.97%、6.86%和 11.53%。此外，与 CK 相比，在添加塑料的情况下，开花期和收获期的总植物生物量均减少。对于不同类型的塑料残片，PE 组的株高、叶面积和根/茎比明显低于 Bio 组。总之，PE 残片对株高、茎直径、叶面积和根/茎比的负面影响较大，而 Bio 残片主要对发芽活力和根生物量表现出不良影响，特别是在开花期。因此，需要进一步研究来阐述塑料颗粒对作物不同阶段和土壤质量的影响。
