Park Hyun Hwa, Kim Young Ok, Kuk Yong In
Department of Bio-Oriental Medicine Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 24;14(15):2286. doi: 10.3390/plants14152286.
This study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of biodegradable (BD) mulching film in onion cultivation, with a focus on plant growth, yield, soil environment, weed suppression, and film degradation, in comparison to conventional polyethylene (PE) film and non-mulching (NM) treatment across multiple regions and years (2023-2024). The BD and PE films demonstrated similar impacts on onion growth, bulb size, yield, and weed suppression, significantly outperforming NM, with yield increases of over 13%. There were no consistent differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity, and physical properties in crops that used either BD or PE film. Soil temperature and moisture were also comparable regardless of which film type was used, confirming BD's viability as an alternative to PE. However, areas that used BD film had soils which exhibited reduced microbial populations, particularly Bacillus and actinomycetes which was likely caused by degradation by-products. BD film degradation was evident from 150 days post-transplantation, with near-complete decomposition at 60 days post-burial, whereas PE remained largely intact (≈98%) during the same period. These results confirm that BD film can match the agronomic performance of PE while offering the advantage of environmentally friendly degradation. Further research should optimize BD film durability and assess its cost-effectiveness for large-scale sustainable agriculture.
本研究对可生物降解（BD）地膜在洋葱种植中的效果进行了全面评估，重点关注植物生长、产量、土壤环境、杂草抑制和地膜降解，并在多个地区和年份（2023 - 2024年）将其与传统聚乙烯（PE）地膜和无地膜覆盖（NM）处理进行了比较。BD地膜和PE地膜对洋葱生长、鳞茎大小、产量和杂草抑制的影响相似，显著优于NM处理，产量增幅超过13%。使用BD或PE地膜的作物在土壤pH值、电导率和物理性质方面没有一致的差异。无论使用哪种地膜，土壤温度和湿度也相当，这证实了BD地膜作为PE地膜替代品的可行性。然而，使用BD地膜的地区土壤中微生物数量减少，尤其是芽孢杆菌和放线菌，这可能是由降解副产物导致的。BD地膜在移栽后150天开始明显降解，掩埋60天后几乎完全分解，而同期PE地膜基本保持完好（约98%）。这些结果证实，BD地膜在农艺性能上可以与PE地膜相媲美，同时具有环境友好型降解的优势。进一步的研究应优化BD地膜的耐久性，并评估其在大规模可持续农业中的成本效益。
