LASER, College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Integr Zool. 2022 Jan;17(1):181-190. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12518. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
A deeper phylogeographic structure is expected for slow-dispersing habitat specialists compared to widespread adaptable species, especially in topographically complex regions. We tested this classic assumption by comparing the genomic (RAD-sequencing) phylogeographies of 2 amphibians inhabiting the Swiss Alps: the mobile, cosmopolitan common frog (Rana temporaria) against the stationary, mountain endemic Alpine salamander (Salamandra atra). Our results ran opposite of predictions: the frog displayed significantly higher genetic divergences and lower within-population variation compared to the salamander. This implies a prominent role for their distinctive glacial histories in shaping intraspecific diversity and structure: diversification and recolonization from several circum-Alpine micro-refugia for the frog versus a single refugium for the salamander, potentially combined with better population connectivity and stability. These striking differences emphasize the great variability of phylogeographic responses to the Quaternary glaciations, hence the complexity to predict general patterns of genetic diversity at the regional scale, and the forces that underlie them.
与广泛适应的物种相比，扩散缓慢的栖息地专家预计会具有更深的系统地理学结构，尤其是在地形复杂的地区。我们通过比较瑞士阿尔卑斯山栖息的 2 种两栖动物的基因组（RAD 测序）系统地理学来验证这一经典假设：移动的、世界性的普通青蛙（Rana temporaria）与静止的、山区特有高山蝾螈（Salamandra atra）。我们的结果与预测相反：与蝾螈相比，青蛙表现出显著更高的遗传差异和更低的种群内变异。这意味着它们独特的冰川历史在塑造种内多样性和结构方面发挥了重要作用：青蛙从几个阿尔卑斯山周边的微避难所多样化和再殖民化，而蝾螈则来自一个单一的避难所，可能还结合了更好的种群连通性和稳定性。这些显著的差异强调了第四纪冰川作用对系统地理学反应的巨大可变性，因此预测区域尺度遗传多样性的一般模式以及潜在的驱动因素具有复杂性。
