Li Yanxiao, Huang Shuohan, Wei Congjie, Zhou Dong, Li Bo, Wu Chenglin, Mochalin Vadym N
Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, United States.
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Jan 27;13(3):4682-4691. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c18624. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
MXenes, a large family of two-dimensional (2D) early transition metal carbides and nitrides, have excellent electrical and electrochemical properties, which can also be explored in assemblies with other 2D materials, like graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), creating heterostructures with unique properties. Understanding the interaction mechanism between 2D materials is critical for the design and manipulation of these 2D heterostructures. Our previous work investigated the interaction between SiO and two MXenes (TiCT and TiCT). However, no experimental research has been done on MXene interlayer interactions and interactions in MXene heterostructures. Here, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) with SiO tip and TiCT and TiCT MXene-coated tips, respectively, to measure the adhesion energies of graphene, MoSe, TiCT, and TiCT MXene with other 2D materials. The measured adhesion energies show that only the interfaces involving graphene demonstrate dependence on the number of material monolayers in a stack. Comparing 40 interacting pairs of 2D materials, the lowest adhesion energy (∼0.27 J/m) was found for the interfaces involving MoSe and the highest adhesion energy was observed for the interfaces involving TiCT (∼1.23 J/m). The obtained set of experimental data for 2D interfaces involving MXenes provides a basis for a future in-depth understanding of adhesive mechanisms at interfaces between 2D materials, which is an important topic for the design of 2D heterostructures with controlled interfacial strength and properties.
MXenes是二维（2D）早期过渡金属碳化物和氮化物的大家族，具有优异的电学和电化学性能，也可与其他二维材料（如石墨烯和过渡金属二卤化物（TMDs））组装时进行探索，从而形成具有独特性能的异质结构。了解二维材料之间的相互作用机制对于这些二维异质结构的设计和操控至关重要。我们之前的工作研究了SiO与两种MXenes（TiCT和TiCT）之间的相互作用。然而，尚未对MXene层间相互作用以及MXene异质结构中的相互作用进行实验研究。在这里，我们分别使用带有SiO尖端以及涂覆有TiCT和TiCT MXene尖端的原子力显微镜（AFM），来测量石墨烯、MoSe、TiCT和TiCT MXene与其他二维材料之间的粘附能。测量得到的粘附能表明，只有涉及石墨烯的界面表现出对堆叠中材料单层数量的依赖性。在比较40对相互作用的二维材料时，发现涉及MoSe的界面的粘附能最低（约0.27 J/m），而涉及TiCT的界面的粘附能最高（约1.23 J/m）。所获得的涉及MXenes的二维界面的实验数据集为未来深入理解二维材料界面处的粘附机制提供了基础，这是设计具有可控界面强度和性能的二维异质结构的一个重要课题。
