Ghosal Krishanu, Sarkar Kishor
Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Polymer Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2018 Aug 13;4(8):2653-2703. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00376. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
Graphene nanomaterials have been considered as a novel class of nanomaterials that show exceptional structural, optical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties. As a consequence, it has been extensively studied in various fields including electronics, energy, catalysis, sensing, and biomedical fields. In the previous couple of years, a significant number of studies have been done on graphene-based nanomaterials, where it is utilized in a wide range of bioapplications that includes delivery of small molecule drugs/genes, biosensing, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and photothermal and photodynamic therapies because of its excellent aqueous processability, surface functionalizability, outstanding electrical and mechanical properties, tunable fluorescence properties, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS).Therefore, it is necessary to get detailed knowledge about it. In this review, we will highlight the various synthesis procedures of graphene family nanomaterials including graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as well as their biomedical applications. We will also highlight the biocompatibity of graphene nanomaterials as well as its possible risk factors for bioapplications. In conclusion, we will outline the future perspective and current challenges of graphene nanomaterials for clinical applications.
石墨烯纳米材料被认为是一类新型纳米材料，具有优异的结构、光学、热学、电学和力学性能。因此，它在包括电子、能源、催化、传感和生物医学等各个领域都得到了广泛研究。在过去几年里，人们对基于石墨烯的纳米材料进行了大量研究，由于其优异的水相加工性、表面功能化能力、出色的电学和力学性能、可调谐的荧光特性以及表面增强拉曼散射（SERS），它被广泛应用于多种生物应用中，包括小分子药物/基因递送、生物传感、组织工程、生物成像以及光热和光动力疗法。因此，有必要对其有详细的了解。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍石墨烯家族纳米材料的各种合成方法，包括氧化石墨烯（GO）、还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）和石墨烯量子点（GQDs），以及它们的生物医学应用。我们还将强调石墨烯纳米材料的生物相容性及其在生物应用中可能存在的风险因素。总之，我们将概述石墨烯纳米材料在临床应用方面的未来前景和当前挑战。
