Assembling Human Platelet Lysate into Multiscale 3D Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering lack often control of cellular instructions. We propose a triple sequential approach for customizing scaffold features from the macro to the nanoscale. The nano/mesoscale is composed by human platelet lysate and marine-origin polysaccharides assembled by layer-by-layer and shaped into fibrils by freeze-drying. We show that osteogenic induction of stem cells is tunable within a low range of layers. This approach has the potential to develop new scaffolds with enhanced cell-instructive capabilities using affordable autologous sources of bioactive molecules.