Akbulut Sami, Demyati Khaled, Ciftci Felat, Koc Cemalettin, Tuncer Adem, Sahin Emrah, Karadag Nese, Yilmaz Sezai
Department of Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44280, Turkey.
Department of Surgery, An-Najah National University, Nablus 11941, Palestine.
World J Gastrointest Surg. 2020 Dec 27;12(12):534-548. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v12.i12.534.
Liver tissue situated outside the liver with a hepatic connection is usually called an accessory liver, and that without a connection to the mother liver, is called ectopic liver tissue.
To identify studies in the literature on ectopic liver tissue located on the gallbladder surface or mesentery.
We present two patients and review published articles on ectopic liver tissue located on the gallbladder surface accessed PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Google databases. Keywords used included accessory liver lobe, aberrant liver tissue, ectopic liver tissue, ectopic liver nodule, heterotopic liver tissue, hepatic choristoma, heterotopic liver tissue on the gallbladder, and ectopic liver tissue on the gallbladder. The search included articles published before June 2020 with no language restriction. Letters to the editor, case reports, review articles, original articles, and meeting presentations were included in the search. Articles or abstracts containing adequate information on age, sex, history of liver disease, preliminary diagnosis, radiologic tools, lesion size, surgical indication, surgical procedure, and histopathological features of ectopic liver tissue were included in the study.
A total of 72 articles involving 91 cases of ectopic liver tissue located on the gallbladder surface or mesentery were analyzed. Of these 91 patients, 62 were female and 25 were male (no gender available for 4 patients), and the age range was 5 d to 91 years. Forty-nine patients underwent surgery for chronic cholecystitis or cholelithiasis, and 14 patients underwent surgery for acute cholecystitis. The remaining 28 patients underwent laparotomy for other reasons. Cholecystectomy was laparoscopic in 69 patients and open in 11 patients. The remaining 19 patients underwent various other surgical procedures such as autopsy, liver transplantation, living donor hepatectomy, Whipple procedure, and liver segment V resection. Histopathologically, hepatocellular carcinoma was detected in the ectopic liver tissue of one patient.
Ectopic liver tissue is a rare developmental anomaly which is usually detected incidentally. Although most studies suggest that ectopic liver located outside the gallbladder has a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, this is not reflected in statistical analysis.
位于肝脏外且与肝脏有连接的肝组织通常称为副肝，而与母肝无连接的则称为异位肝组织。
在文献中识别关于位于胆囊表面或肠系膜的异位肝组织的研究。
我们报告两例患者，并回顾通过PubMed、MEDLINE、谷歌学术和谷歌数据库检索到的关于位于胆囊表面的异位肝组织的已发表文章。使用的关键词包括副肝叶、异常肝组织、异位肝组织、异位肝结节、异位肝组织、肝迷离瘤、胆囊上的异位肝组织以及胆囊上的异位肝组织。检索范围包括2020年6月之前发表的无语言限制的文章。检索包括给编辑的信、病例报告、综述文章、原创文章和会议报告。研究纳入了包含异位肝组织的年龄、性别、肝脏疾病史、初步诊断、放射学检查工具、病变大小、手术指征、手术过程以及组织病理学特征等充分信息的文章或摘要。
共分析了72篇涉及91例位于胆囊表面或肠系膜的异位肝组织的文章。在这91例患者中，女性62例，男性25例（4例未提及性别），年龄范围为5天至91岁。49例患者因慢性胆囊炎或胆结石接受手术，14例患者因急性胆囊炎接受手术。其余28例患者因其他原因接受剖腹手术。69例患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术，11例患者行开腹胆囊切除术。其余19例患者接受了各种其他手术，如尸检、肝移植、活体供肝肝切除术、惠普尔手术和肝段V切除术。组织病理学检查发现1例患者的异位肝组织中有肝细胞癌。
异位肝组织是一种罕见的发育异常，通常是偶然发现的。尽管大多数研究表明位于胆囊外的异位肝有较高的肝细胞癌风险，但这在统计分析中并未体现。
