Woo Sunghyun, Lee Dongyeob, Cho Yong-Chan, Lee Sangsun, Kim Eunsuk
School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea.
Korea National Arboretum Pocheon Korea.
Ecol Evol. 2020 Nov 24;11(1):516-525. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7071. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Comparative studies of invasive, noninvasive alien, and native congenic plant species can identify plant traits that drive invasiveness. In particular, functional traits associated with rapid growth rate and high fecundity likely facilitate invasive success. As such traits often exhibit high phenotypic plasticity, characterizing plastic responses to anthropogenic environmental changes such as eutrophication and disturbance is important for predicting the invasive success of alien plant species in the future. Here, we compared trait expression and phenotypic plasticity at the species level among invasive, noninvasive alien, and native species. Plants were grown under nutrient addition and competition treatments, and their functional, morphological, and seed traits were examined. Invasive exhibited higher phenotypic plasticity in most measured traits than did the alien noninvasive or native . However, differential plastic responses to environmental treatments rarely altered the rank of trait values among the three species, except for the number of inflorescences. The achene size of was larger, but its pappus length was shorter than that of . Two species demonstrated opposite plastic responses of pappus length to fertilization. These results suggest that the plasticity of functional traits does not significantly contribute to the invasive success of . The dispersal efficiency of is expected to be lower than that of , suggesting that long-distance dispersal is likely not a critical factor in determining invasive success.
对入侵性外来植物物种、非入侵性外来植物物种和本地同基因植物物种进行比较研究，可以确定推动植物入侵性的植物性状。特别是，与快速生长率和高繁殖力相关的功能性状可能有助于入侵成功。由于这些性状通常表现出高表型可塑性，因此表征对富营养化和干扰等人为环境变化的可塑性反应对于预测外来植物物种未来的入侵成功至关重要。在这里，我们比较了入侵物种、非入侵性外来物种和本地物种在物种水平上的性状表达和表型可塑性。将植物在添加养分和竞争处理下培养，并检查它们的功能、形态和种子性状。入侵物种在大多数测量性状上表现出比非入侵性外来物种或本地物种更高的表型可塑性。然而，除了花序数量外，对环境处理的不同可塑性反应很少改变这三个物种之间性状值的排名。某物种的瘦果大小较大，但其冠毛长度比另一物种短。两个物种对施肥表现出相反的冠毛长度可塑性反应。这些结果表明，功能性状的可塑性对某物种的入侵成功没有显著贡献。预计某物种的扩散效率低于另一物种，这表明长距离扩散可能不是决定入侵成功的关键因素。
