Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 3;14(1):10159. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57552-7.
Invasive alien species are becoming more and more prevalent worldwide, Erigeron bonariensis and Bidens pilosa are two invasive species of Asteraceae in Egypt. To mitigate their detrimental effects and understand their differences in invasiveness, we compared the allelopathic potentials of E. bonariensis and B. pilosa using leachates, decaying residues, and volatilization processes. Notably, the allelopathic variances in leachates were significant, influenced by plant types, concentrations, and response patterns of target plant traits, as indicated by EC. The relative phytotoxicity of the invasive species decayed residues peaked between 20 and 25 days in the soil, with a positive correlation with concentrations and soil properties. The highest quantities of phenolic acids were chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid reaching (5.41 and 4.39 µg g) E. bonariensis and (4.53 and 4.46 µg g) B. pilosa, in leachates extracts respectively, while in the soil extract of decayed residues were coumaric acid and ferulic acid measuring (1.66 and 1.67 µg g) E. bonariensis and (1.47 and 1.57 µg g) B. pilosa, respectively. Using GC/MS analysis, the main volatile components in E. bonariensis were 1, 8 cineole (5.62%), and α-terpinene (5.43%) and iso-Caryophyllene (5.2%) which showed the greatest inhibitory effects. While B. pilosa main constituents were trans-sabinene (5.39%) and Camphene (5.11%), respectively. Finally, the high invasion level displayed from E. bonariensis (0.221) compared with B. pilosa (0.094) which correlated with the stronger allelopathic activities against plant species, and soil properties. Therefore, the allelopathic potentialities of these species are critically relevant to their invasion success.
入侵的外来物种在全球范围内变得越来越普遍，金光菊和鬼针草是埃及两种入侵的菊科物种。为了减轻它们的有害影响并了解它们在入侵性方面的差异，我们使用浸提液、腐烂残渣和挥发过程比较了金光菊和鬼针草的化感潜力。值得注意的是，浸提液的化感差异显著，受植物类型、浓度和目标植物性状的反应模式影响，如 EC 所示。入侵物种腐烂残渣的相对植物毒性在土壤中 20-25 天达到峰值，与浓度和土壤特性呈正相关。在浸提液提取物中，绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量最高，分别达到（5.41 和 4.39 µg g）金光菊和（4.53 和 4.46 µg g）鬼针草，而在腐烂残渣的土壤提取物中，香豆酸和阿魏酸的含量最高，分别达到（1.66 和 1.67 µg g）金光菊和（1.47 和 1.57 µg g）鬼针草。使用 GC/MS 分析，金光菊中的主要挥发性成分是 1,8-桉叶油醇（5.62%）、α-松油烯（5.43%）和异石竹烯（5.2%），它们表现出最大的抑制作用。而鬼针草的主要成分是反式-桧烯（5.39%）和莰烯（5.11%）。最后，与鬼针草（0.094）相比，金光菊表现出更高的入侵水平（0.221），这与它们对植物物种和土壤特性的更强化感活性有关。因此，这些物种的化感潜力与其入侵成功密切相关。
