Duchateau J, Hainaut K
Laboratory of Biology, University of Brussels, Belgium.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1988 Feb;20(1):99-104. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198802000-00015.
This paper compares the effects of 6 wk of sub-maximal training by electrostimulation (100 Hz) and voluntary contractions on the contractile properties of the adductor pollicis muscle in intact man. The daily training program consisted of ten series of twenty 1-s isotonic contractions (60 to 65% of maximum) separated by 1-s intervals. The observed increase in muscle force, tested in maximal voluntary and electrically evoked contractions, appears to be significantly smaller during electrostimulation than during a training session performed by voluntary contractions. The increase in force recorded during electrostimulation is not associated with changes in the tetanus rates of tension development and tension relaxation (dP0/dt). Conversely, the tetanus time course is found to be significantly accelerated in muscles trained by voluntary contractions. No change of the surface action potential total area was observed during both training procedures. Furthermore, electrostimulation does not improve muscle resistance to fatigue, which is observed to be significantly increased after training by voluntary contractions. This study indicates that electrostimulation augments the muscle force of contraction by changing peripheral processes associated with intra-cellular events, without modifying the nervous command of the contraction. The comparison of the peripheral changes recorded during sub-maximal training by electrostimulation and voluntary contractions suggests that electrostimulation is less efficient, but complementary to voluntary training because the number and the type of trained motor units are different in the two procedures.
本文比较了6周次最大强度的电刺激（100赫兹）训练和自主收缩训练对完整人体拇收肌收缩特性的影响。每日训练计划包括十组，每组二十次1秒的等张收缩（最大收缩力的60%至65%），每次收缩间隔1秒。在最大自主收缩和电诱发收缩测试中观察到的肌肉力量增加，在电刺激训练期间似乎明显小于自主收缩训练期间。电刺激训练期间记录的力量增加与强直收缩时张力发展和张力松弛的速率（dP0/dt）变化无关。相反，在自主收缩训练的肌肉中发现强直收缩的时间进程明显加快。在两种训练过程中均未观察到表面动作电位总面积的变化。此外，电刺激并不能提高肌肉的抗疲劳能力，而自主收缩训练后肌肉的抗疲劳能力则显著增强。本研究表明，电刺激通过改变与细胞内事件相关的外周过程来增强肌肉收缩力，而不改变收缩的神经指令。对次最大强度电刺激训练和自主收缩训练期间记录的外周变化进行比较表明，电刺激效率较低，但与自主训练互补，因为两种训练过程中训练的运动单位数量和类型不同。
