University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK; Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK.
University of Sheffield, Department of Philosophy, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
Nurse Educ Pract. 2021 Jan;50:102952. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102952. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Attrition refers to students leaving programmes of study before completion. This is an important topic area; there is a current global shortage of nurses, and it is widely reported that nursing is in crisis. Nurse education in the United Kingdom has changed substantially in the past fifty years, gradually moving from work-based apprentice style training to an 'all graduate entry' profession. There is a plethora of literature reporting attrition both in the UK and worldwide. It is clear that regardless of the education model, attrition from pre-registration programmes is a long-standing problem which has attracted much attention. The educative process of learning to be a nurse can be likened to a 'rite of passage', or perhaps a series of rites of passage. Rites of passage were first articulated by anthropologists, van Gennep and Turner. Van Gennep and Turner argued that as people make 'transitions', often via 'rites of passage' they pass through an in-between phase described as 'liminal'. This paper explores aspects of liminality in nurse education and examines the potential relationship with attrition. The paper concludes by suggesting that although liminality could be considered a risk factor for attrition, exploitation of the concept may offer opportunities to enhance learning.
流失是指学生在完成学业前离开学习项目。这是一个重要的话题领域；目前全球护士短缺，而且据广泛报道，护理行业正处于危机之中。在过去的五十年中，英国的护士教育发生了重大变化，逐渐从基于工作的学徒式培训转变为“全研究生入学”的职业。有大量文献报告了英国和全球范围内的流失情况。显然，无论教育模式如何，从预注册课程中流失是一个长期存在的问题，已经引起了广泛关注。学习成为护士的教育过程可以比作“成年礼”，或者是一系列的成年礼。成人礼最初是由人类学家范·热内普和特纳提出的。范·热内普和特纳认为，当人们进行“过渡”时，通常是通过“成年礼”，他们会经历一个被称为“阈限”的中间阶段。本文探讨了护士教育中阈限的各个方面，并研究了其与流失之间的潜在关系。本文最后提出，尽管阈限可以被视为流失的一个风险因素，但利用这一概念可能为增强学习提供机会。
